[DAT] Data interpretation Flashcards
causes of high neutrophils (NEUTROPHILIA)
bacterial infection
steroids
tissue damage
causes of low neutrophils (NEUTROPOENIA)
viral infection
chemo/radiotherapy
clozapine
carbimazole (antithyroid)
causes of high lymphocytes (LYMPHOCYTOSIS)
viral infection
lymphoma
chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
causes of LOW PLATELETS
Reduced production OR Increased destruction
Reduced production:
- infection
- drugs (penicillamine)
- myelodysplasia, myelofibrosis
Increased destruction:
- heparin
- hypersplenism
- DIC
- ITP
- HUS/TTP
causes of HIGH PLATELETS
Reactive:
- bleeding
- tissue damage
Primary:
- myeloprolif disorder
which liver enzume will bbe raised in hepatic jaundice
bilirubin and ALT/AST
which liver enzyme is raised in posthepatic jaundice
ALP (P for Post hepatic)
what is a rule of thumb for increasing doses when there is insufficient response to the drug
increase by the SMALLEST POSSIBLE INCREMENT
what is more important when figuring out whether the dosage is enough - the body’s response or having the drug concentration within therapeutic range?
BODY’s RESPONSE !!
toxicity symptoms of gent and vanc
oxotoxicity
nephrotoxicity
when should you measure gentamicin levels
6-14 hours since last infusion was started
how do you plot gentamicin levels and what does that indicate
plot on nomogram
if above time LINE you are followiing (i.e. you are giving it every 24h, and the dot is above the 24h curve) you need to change it to every 36 hours
how do you read a paracetamol nomogram
at least 4 hours after ingestion
plot dose and time: if aabove the line, they need NAC
if staggered dose: also give NAC
what do you do if bleed while on warfarin
stop warfarin
give 5-10mg IV vit K
give Prothrombin complex (if major)
what should you look up in the BNF to find the table about warfarin doses and INRs
ORAL ANTICOAGULANT (treatment summary)
