DAT chem ch10 Flashcards
Arrhenius acid
H+ donor in water
Arrhenius base
OH- donor in water
Bronsted Lowry acid
H+ donor
Bronsted Lowry Base
H+ acceptor
Lewis acid
Electron acceptor
Lewis base
Electron donor
Amphiprotic
substance that can act as both a proton acceptor and donor (arrhenius and bronsted)
Amphoteric
substance that can act as both an acid and a base (lewis acid too)
How to convert back and forward from conjugate acid and conjugate base
to go from acid to base
- remove 1 H and decrease charge by one
to go from base to acid
- increase 1 H and increase charge by one
Strong acids
HI HBR HCL HCLO3 HCLO4 H2SO4 HNO3
Strong base
Mg(OH)2 Ca(OH)2 Sr(OH)2 Ba(OH)2 and group 1 metal hydroxides
Binary acids
HI HBR HCL
Binary acid trend
increases strength to the right and down
Oxoacid
HCLO3 HCLO4 H2SO4 HNO3
Oxoacid trends
2 ways
1) more oxygens you have, the more acidic due to resonance
2) if the number of oxygens are the same, the more electronegative heteroatom, the more acidic (HCLO4>HBrO4)