Daoism

Question 1

Historical Background

Answer 1

Zhou Dynasty (1046 bc - 221 - bc
the western zhou (1046-771 bc)
spring and autumn (770-476 bc)
warring period (476 bc - 221 bc)

Question 2

Icon of Daoism

Answer 2

yin and yang

Question 3

Who is believed to be the founder

Answer 3

Lao Dan or Lao Zi (604-531bc) mythological figure

Question 4

What did Lao Dan write

Answer 4

Daodejing (the book of the way) explores the nature of the reality and the government

Question 5

describe the book of the way (daodejing

Answer 5

composed in short bits of verse

leaves interpretation indeterminate

Question 6

who is Zhuangzi

Answer 6

mytholiogical character of Dao (369-298 bc
devotes attention to the privated individual
concerns about relationship with nature and humans

Question 7

the book Zhuangzi

Answer 7

composed of prose. relativist oulook, organic world view. 9 chp by Zhuangzi, the rest by scholars

Question 8

Daoist belief on human conditions and slavation

Answer 8

nature has no beginning and no end. harmoonious order
in a natural state, humankind is in harmony with each other and with nature. mankind is happy animals
humankind lost its natural state by having its own wills, desires, and demansd
ttherefore humankind suffers
to release one from the suffering is to model after the nature to bceome part of nature agian.

Question 9

wu-wei

Answer 9

non-action: do nothing, nothing will not be done - prefer natural life to social life

Question 10

perction exists where

Answer 10

in a state of non-action
un-carved rock (no division of parts)
life in womb (no distinction between life and death.)

Question 11

everything exists and`

Answer 11

everthying is possible

Question 12

the fall is

Answer 12

division into parts, the assigning of names, and the desires injuirious to life.

Question 13

ten thousands things idea

Answer 13

the dao gave birth to the one, the one gave birth to the two, the two gave birth to the three, and the three gave birth to the ten thousand things.

Question 14

the doctrine of non-action is about?

Answer 14

acting without artificiality, desires, disruption

Question 15

what is creative quietude

Answer 15

a soft, effortless and gentle wasy of carrying oneself

Question 16

two most popular daoist metapors

Answer 16

water: spontaneous and effortless (yin), nothing is more soft and yielding than water, yet for attacking the solid and the strong, nothing is better

un-carved rock - simplicity and natural (yang)

Question 17

Chapter 38 qoute

Answer 17

a truly good man does nothign, yet leaves nothing undone. a foolish man is always doing yet much remains to be done (means wasiting time doing unnecessary things is bad

Question 18

chapter 76 qoute

Answer 18

a man is born gentle and weak; at his death he is hard and stff. green plants are tender and filled with sap; at their death they are withered an dry. therefore, the stiff ad the unbending is a disciple of death; the gentle and yielding is a disciple of life

Question 19

dao seek what

Answer 19

immortality

Question 20

how do they try to achieve immotaluity?

Answer 20

outer alchemy and inner alchemy

Question 21

what is outer alchemy

Answer 21

works from the outside in. - to strengthne your physical body through moving meditation (martial arts)
-sexual practices
-alchemcical parctices
-dietary practices
seen in chinese traditional science, medicine, dietand pop culture

Question 22

what is inner alchemy

Answer 22

works from inside out

• stille meditation to cultivate qi, form both the body and the spirit the joint form is our being. in perfect form, onee can reach immortality
• daoism believes in three treasures of mankin are qi, jing, and shen
• qi - out life energy
• jing - origianl qi given by our parents - pre-birth qi, or preheaven qi, sexual energy
• shen - spiritual-self

Question 23

goal of dao

Answer 23

to build a spiritual self that is immortal

Question 24

the body diagram she showed in class, descripe parts

Answer 24

a stream represents the spinal cord

• the head - a cahin of mountains representing yang energy
• the monk and the old man sitting in the skull also represent yin ad yang. the two dots between them represent the sun and the moon
• lower part of the otrso is dominated by the yin image of water
• the water turns into fire as it rises up the spinal column, represeiting its transformation into life energy with fire

Question 25

dao gardens

Answer 25

• from accross the pond, the wall is reminiscent of a mountain retreat popular among daoists. the suggestion is reinforced by the glimpse of a roof beyond the rock barrier, where ascholar could escape
• in the garden below, try to identify elements taht complement each other, such as ligh trand dark, solid and fluid or natural and man mad
• semi-circular bridges, chosen because thye complete temselves as they are reflected in the water, symbolic of the moon
• water thick with algae is imbued with a sign of life

Question 26

dao as a religious practice

Answer 26

developed under influence of buddhism in 5th century. many sects, they share the following features:
-a priest hood with an hierarchical order, however, not centralized
-well esatblished texts
-own deites
practices dcentered on both mind and body