Dangerous Goods 3

Question 1

Package

Answer 1

the complete product of the packing operation consisting of the packaging and its contents prepared for transport.

Question 2

Overpack

Answer 2

an enclosure used by the shipper to contain one or more packages and to form one handling unit for convenience of handling and stowage.

Question 3

Placards

Answer 3

standard DG identifiers designed to meet certain specifications and placed on outer containers, trucks, cylinders, or other vehicles used for transport.

Question 4

Markings

Answer 4

additional identifiers that provide extra information than the hazard or handling labels which further describe the package and identify a material or hazard using proper shipping names, UN numbers and other regulations requirements.

Question 5

Labels

Answer 5

standard DG identifiers, designed to meet specifications based on international regulation, placed on packages, packaging, or overpacks (there is generally no restriction on the number of packages of DG loaded on an aircraft, but there are provisions for their stowage).

Question 6

Hazard Labels

Answer 6

a system of diamond-shaped labels and placards which are used to identify DG by a specific class number, colors and symbols that identify the associated dangers (e.g. a flame for flammable, a skull and crossbones for poisons, etc.).

Question 7

English language

Answer 7

should be used on each description of hazard labels, in addition to the languages required by the State of Origin.

Question 8

Handling Labels:

Answer 8

a system of orientation labels that are used to give direction on how to properly handle DG when transported or stored. They are used either alone or in addition to hazard labels and must represent the “Package orientation” visible on at leas two opposite sides with the arrows pointing in the correct direction (e.g. ‘This Way up’, ‘Cargo Aircraft Only’, etc.):

Question 9

OPERATOR REQUIREMENTS we

Answer 9

No person may offer or accept DG for international civil transport by air unless those goods are properly classified, documented, certificated, described, packaged, marked, labelled and in the conditions required by International Transport Regulation.

Question 10

Format of labels

Answer 10

All hazard labels and handling labels must conform with standardized shape format, symbol and text shown in the International DG regulations:
1. Dimensions and color: hazard labels must conform minimum dimensions and bright/ contrasting colors in accordance with regulations (diamond shaped); handling labels are square or rectangle shaped;
2. Location: labels should be affixed as close as possible to the proper shipping name and UN number;
3. Visibility: labels and markings must not be covered or obscured by any part of or attachment to the packaging or any other label or marking.

Question 11

LABELS AND MARKINGS- packages

Answer 11

UN NUMBER
hazard
Handling
UN SYMBOL

Question 12

GHS

Answer 12

The UN Globally Harmonized System
is a classification system managed by the UN and developed to provide an international standard and harmonization for the classification and labeling of hazardous chemicals.

Question 13

GHS picturegrams

Answer 13

The GHS pictograms are not serving the same purpose as the UN Model Regulation labels, as not all DG are chemicals, or GHS classified, and most of health hazards in GHS are not covered by UN Model Regulations.
There are some correlations between GHS hazard categories and DG categories, as all hazardous chemicals require GHS pictograms, but not all hazardous chemicals require DG labels.

Question 14

DANGEROUS GOODS CLASSIFICATION

Answer 14

9 Classes.(the first digit defines the class and the second one defines the division).

Question 15

Class 1

Answer 15

Explosives

CLASS 1 has 6 DIVISIONS:
1.1: Substances and articles which have a mass explosion hazard Division
1.2: Substances and articles which have a projection hazard but not a mass explosion hazard Division
1.3: Substances and articles which have a fire hazard and a minor blast hazard or a minor projection hazard or both Division
1.4: Substances and articles which present no significant hazard; only a small hazard in the event of ignition or initiation during transport
1.5: Very insensitive substances which have a mass explosion hazard Division
1.6: Extremely insensitive articles which do not have a mass explosion hazard

Question 16

Class 2

Answer 16

Gases
2.1 flammable
2.2 nonflammable
2.3 toxic

Question 17

Class 3

Answer 17

Flammable liquids

Refers to any liquid substances or mixture of liquids, molten solid substances, liquid desensitized explosives, which gives off a flammable vapor at temperatures of not more than 60o C closed-cup test (or not more than 65.6o C open-cup test, which is normally referred to as the flash point).

Question 18

Class 4

Answer 18

Flammable solids

CLASS 4 has 3 DIVISIONS:
4.1: Flammable solids
4.2: Spontaneously combustible solids
4.3: Dangerous when wet solids

Question 19

Class 5

Answer 19

Oxidizing Substances and Organic Peroxides
The Oxidizing Substances and Organic Peroxides class includes hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, sodium nitrite, ammonium nitrate fertilizers and oxygen generators.

Question 20

Class 6

Answer 20

Toxic and Infectious Substances

Question 21

Class 7

Answer 21

Radioactive Material

CLASS 7 has NO DIVISIONS, but categories apply:
Category I white (no Transport Index indicated),
Category II yellow, Category III yellow and FISSILE

Question 22

Class 8

Answer 22

Corrosive Substances

Question 23

Class 9

Answer 23

Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods
Not under the 8 topics

Question 24

PG

Answer 24

The Class defines the type of danger which a substance presents, whereas a second classification, called the Packing Group (PG) defines how dangerous it is.

PG I is the most dangerous, PG II represents a moderate danger and PG III is the least dangerous. Packing Groups are always written in Roman numerals to differentiate them from the Class numbers.

Question 25

Compatibility Groups

Answer 25

introduced with letters from A through S.

Question 26

Division 4.1 Flammable Solids

Answer 26

any solid material which is readily combustible or may cause fire trough friction (e.g., matches, Sulphur, celluloid, nitronaphthalene, etc.).

Question 27

Division 4.2 Spontaneously Combustible

Answer 27

any solid material which is a thermally unstable substance, liable to undergo a strong exothermic decomposition even without the participation of oxygen (e.g., white or yellow phosphorus, magnesium diamide, etc.).

Question 28

Division 4.3 Dangerous When Wet:

Answer 28

any substance that when interacts with water becomes spontaneously flammable or gives off flammable gases (e.g., calcium carbide, sodium, etc.).

Question 29

Division 5.1 Oxidizer:

Answer 29

any substance that yielding oxygen cause or contribute to the combustion of the other material (e.g., ammonium nitrate, fertilizer, calcium chlorate, bleaches).

Question 30

Division 5.2 Organic Peroxide:

Answer 30

any substance that is thermally unstable or liable to undergo a strongly exothermic decomposition, substances which may burn rapidly, react dangerously with other substances, cause damage to the eyes etc. (e.g., tert-butyl hydroperoxide).

Question 31

Division 6.1 Toxic Substances:

Answer 31

any liquids or solid substances which are liable to cause death or injury or to harm human health if swallowed, inhaled or contacted by skin (e.g., arsenic, nicotine, cyanide, pesticides, strychnine).

Question 32

Division 6.2 Infectious Substances

Answer 32

any pathogens or viruses that are known to affect humans or animals (e.g., diagnostic specimen, biological products, medical and clinical waste).

Question 33

Lithium-ion batteries (UN 3480)

Answer 33

called secondary lithium batteries (used to power cell phones, laptops, etc.), they are rechargeable and regulated based on Watt‐hour rating and quantity of cells and batteries.

Question 34

Lithium metal batteries (UN 3090)

Answer 34

called primary lithium batteries (used to power pacemakers, watches, calculators, cameras, etc.), they are generally non‐rechargeable and regulated based on lithium metal content in grams and quantity of cells and batteries. Lithium metal batteries are prohibited to be transported on a passenger aircraft.
34

DANG

Question 35

Lithium metal batteries (UN 3090)

Answer 35

called primary lithium batteries (used to power pacemakers, watches, calculators, cameras, etc.), they are generally non‐rechargeable and regulated based on lithium metal content in grams and quantity of cells and batteries. Lithium metal batteries are prohibited to be transported on a passenger aircraft.
34

DANG

Question 36

thermal runaway

Answer 36

which occurs when the internal circuitry is compromised, causing an increase in temperature in one or more of the cells and a relatively small incident can lead to an uncontrolled fire.