DAIRY & ALTERNATIVES 8%

Question 1

DAIRY & ALTERNATIVES INCLUDE

Answer 1

Milk
Cheese
Yoghurts
Fromage Frais
Soya Alternatives if Calcium Fortified

Question 2

TYPES OF MILK & NON MILKS

Answer 2

Cows
UHT
Dried
Flavoured
Fermented

Soya
Almond Rice Coconut Rice Plant-Based

Question 3

COWS MILK TYPES

Answer 3

Whole min 3.5% Fat
Semi Skimmed 1.5/1.8% Fat
Skimmed 0.3% Fat
1% Milk
Filtered Milk
All Are Pasteurized at 72* C
For15 - 25 secs

Question 4

UHT MILK TYPES

Answer 4

Ultra Heat Treated 135* 1 Sec
Whole, Semi Or Skimmed
Vitamin Loss
Long Shelf Life Sterile
Mild Taste Change

Question 5

DRIED MILK

Answer 5

<5% Moisture
Heat Process Loses Vitamin C & Thiamin B1
Long Shelf Life
Nutritional Support

Question 6

FLAVOURED MILK

FERMENTED MILK

Answer 6

High Sugar Content
Fruit Flavour Only
Probiotic Bacteria
Lactose To Lactic Acid
+ Immune Function & Gut Health

Question 7

SOYA MILK

PLANT-BASED MILK

Answer 7

Not Comparable To Cows Milk
Less Absorption, Low Calcium, So Fortified
Almond, Rice, Coconut, and Oat Cannot Be Called Milk Or Ref Dairy

Question 8

COWS MILK 3D 4S
DIFFERENCES/SIMILARITIES

Answer 8

D Energy Provided
D Fat & Saturated Fat Levels
D Vitamin A Levels Retinol
S Protein
S Carbohydrates
S Riboflavin B2
S Calcium

Question 9

COWS MILK ALLERGY

Answer 9

2 To 3% Of Infants
80% Outgrow By 3
Mild To Severe Immune Reaction
Family History

Question 10

MAIN NUTRIENTS IN MILK P

Answer 10

Nutrient Dense HBV Complete Protein
All 9 Essential Amino Acids - Animal

Question 11

NUTRIENTS IN MILK C + V

Answer 11

Carbohydrate As Lactose (Milk Sugar)
Fat A, E Retinol
Riboflavin B2 & Cobalamin B12
Iodine
H2O Water
Calcium - Bones, Teeth 99% - Tissues & Fluids 1%
Blood Clotting, Nerve Impulse, Muscular Contractions

Question 12

PEAK BONE MASS IS

Answer 12

Max Density Achieved
Bone Constant Break Down & Rebuilt
Osteo progenitor, blast, cite, clast

Question 13

PEAK BONE MASS CHANGES

Answer 13

Age To Mid-30s More Built Tan Lost
Infancy & Puberty
Menopausal Women Osteoporosis
Once At PBM More Lost Than Built

Question 14

CALCIUM SOURCES 700mg p day

Answer 14

Milk Contains Most & Most Bioavailable
Bread
Green Leafy Vegetables
Dried Fruit
Pulses
Nuts/Seeds

Question 15

LOW CALCIUM VULNERABLE GROUPS

Answer 15

Children - Peak Bone Mass
Teenagers - Especially Female
Pregnancy & Lactation
Elderly - More Vulnerable to Falls & Osteoporosis
Vegans - Avoiding All Animal Products

Question 16

FACTORS AFFECTING CALCIUM AVAILABILITY

Answer 16

High Levels Of Animal Protein
High Salt
Caffeine
Alcohol
Phytates In Wholegrain Cereals
Oxalates In Spinach & Rhubarb
Vitamin D Needed For Absorption

Question 17

VITAMIN D SOURCES

Answer 17

Sunlight Through The Skin
Supplementation 10ug, Especially Oct To March
Dietary Sources
Oily Fish, Liver, Egg Yolk,
Butter/Fat Spreads, Whole Milk
Fortified Foods e.g. Cereals

Question 18

LOW VITAMIN D LEVEL GROUPS & EFFECTS

Answer 18

Lack Of Sunlight
Housebound
Ethnic Groups Skin Pigmentation
Traditional Dress
Vegetarian Diet
Elderly Low Absorption
Rickets & Osteoporosis

Question 19

CHEESE COMPONENTS

Answer 19

Fat
Protein
Salt
Calcium
Vitamin A Retinol

Question 20

YOGHURT

Answer 20

Low Fat /High Sugar
HBV Protein
Calcium
Riboflavin B2
Vitamin B12

Question 21

PRO

&

PREBIOTICS

Answer 21

Pro - Contains Healthy Bacteria
Yoghurt & Fermented Drinks
Stimulate Immune System & Gut Health
Pre - Non-Digested Carbohydrate
Food For Gut Bacteria
Onion, Garlic, Oats, leeks, Beans, Lentils, Asparagus, Artichokes
Fructo Oligo Saccharide.

Question 22

LACTOSE METABOLISM

Answer 22

Lactose
Lactase
Galactose & Glucose

Question 23

LACTOSE INTOLERANCE

Answer 23

Lack Of Lactase Allows
Lactose Into Large Intestine Undigested
Bacteria Feeds Off Lactose Into Fatty Acids
Causes Abdominal Pain, Diarrhoea, Flatulence.