Daily Q's Flashcards
Which NNRTI has good activity against viral isolates that contain only the K103N or Y181C mutation?
Etravirine
Antiretroviral drug of choice in terms of minimizing interactions when patients are to be started on both TB therapy and ART
Efavirenz
When treating TB and HIV, rifampin may be used with ______ ?
Efavirenz
All (PDE-5) inhibitors are substrates of CYP3A4 and are prone to significant interactions with CYP3A4 inhibitors such as _______ ART’s
Darunavir/ritonavir The levels of the PDE5 drugs increase dramatically, especially vardenafil.
Medications what have acid lowering activities impair the absorption of which ART’s??
–Atazanavir..
–Rilpivirine
–Nelfivarine
–Indinavir
The CDC recommended regimen for PEP . . .
– tenofovir/emtricitabine + dolutegravir (or raltegravir).
HHV 8 Is associated with?
–Primary effusion cell lymphoma (Pleural, pericardial, peritoneal)
–Kaposi sarcoma
–Multicentric Castlemans disease.
Has been associated with a suboptimal CD4 response
Older age (among other reasons)
Most of the cases of cutaneous mycobacterial infection due to trauma, plastic surgery or minor surgery have been due to . . .
M. abscessus ,
M. chelonae, or less often
M. fortuitum..
A punch biopsy for AFB culture is indicated.
The most effective therapy for allergic fungal sinusitis is . . .
Complete surgical extirpation of the infected tissue and establishing good drainage by generous sinusostomy.
Diagnosis depends on histopathology.
Think adrenal crisis if hypotension, fever, abdominal pain, hyponatremia and hyperkalemia; associated with:
Disseminated histoplasmosis,
Tuberculosis
Chromoblastomycosis
Histopathology of biopsy specimens by the brownish thick walled round fungal cells, called “copper pennies” in the subcutaneous tissue.
Therapy for chromoblastomycosis:
Therapy is not easy: surgical excision, cryotherapy, and thermal therapy have roles. Itraconazole for many months is usually effective
Therapy for Chagas disease
Nifurtimox
Relapsing polychondritis is an inflammatory condition of cartilage, particularly ___, ____, ____, _____, and ______.
Ears, nose, eyes, joints, and airways.
Recurrent episodes lead to deformities such as “floppy” ears and saddle-nose deformities.
May all result in a saddle-nose deformity
Relapsing polychondritis
Syphilis
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (formerly Wegener’s disease)
High yield eosinophilis meningitis:
> Angiostrongylus: south pacific, asia, Caribean; snails, crabs, prawns.
> Baylisascaris: racoons
> Gnathostomiasis: mostly in Asia; molluscus or vegetables
Treatment for Endocarditis due to Abiotrophia, Granulicatella, and Gemella species with a penicillin MIC more than 0.5 mcg/ml
4-6 weeks of either penicillinor ampicillin plus once daily gentamicin.
Vancomycin is only recommended for those allergic to penicillin or ampicillin and is given for 6 weeks;
BACTARIA serious hazard to laboratory staff?
- Bacillus anthracis
- Brucella species
- Coxiella burnetii
- Francisella tularensis
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- Neisseria meningitidis,
- Yersinia pestis,
- Burkholdheria pseudomallei and Burkholdheria mallei
FUNGI serious hazard to laboratory staff?
- Coccidioides immitis
- Blastomyces dermatitidis
- Histoplasma capsulatum
- Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
Cutaneous pain and a vesicular eruption in a patient with preexisting atopic dermatitis, THINK . . .
Eczema herpeticum (also known as Kaposi’s varicelliform eruption) usually caused by HSV type 1.
Among classical pathogens associated with reactive arthritis (Chlamydia trachomatis, Yersinia, Salmonella, Shigella and Campylobacter.), traeting “ X “ can decrease the risk of reactive arthritis
Chlamydia trachomatis
