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FCLV,RRT(MIDTERM) > DADDY 2 > Flashcards

DADDY 2 Flashcards

1
Q

A special type of diode

A

(anode & cathode)

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2
Q

It converts electrical energy to electromagnetic energy

A

X-ray Tube

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3
Q

Any tube with two electrodes

A

Diode

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4
Q

External Structures OF X-RAY TUBE

A

Support Structure, Protective Housing & Glass/Metal Enclosure

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5
Q

consists of two perpendicular sets of ceiling-mounted rails

A

Ceiling-Support System

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6
Q

allows both longitudinal & transverse travel of the x-ray tube

A

Ceiling-Support System

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7
Q

When x-ray tube is centered above the examination table at the standard SID

A

Preferred Detent Position

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8
Q

It consists a single column with rollers at each end

A

Floor-To-Ceiling Support System

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9
Q

It provides for very flexible x-ray tube positioning

A

C-Arm Support System

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10
Q

Lead-lined metal container into which the x-ray tube is fitted

A

Protective Housing

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11
Q

3 FUCNTIONS OF Protective Housing

A

o Insulator (diala oil) against electric shock
o Thermal cushion to dissipate heat
Mechanical support for the tube & protect it from damage caused by rough handling

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12
Q

protective housing reduces level of leakage radiation to less than

A

100 mR/hr at 1m

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12
Q

Emission with equal intensity in all directions

A

Isotropic Emission

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13
Q

thin section of a glass/metal envelope through which useful beam emerges

A

Window

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14
Q

size of the window

A

5 cm2

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15
Q

X-rays emitted through the window

A

Useful Beam/Primary Radiation

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16
Q

X-rays that escape through protective housing

A

Leakage Radiation

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17
Q

It contains the x-ray tube & its components

A

Glass/Metal Enclosure

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18
Q

Able to withstand tremendous heat generated

A

Pyrex glass

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19
Q

Maintain constant electric potential between the electrons of the tube current & the enclosure

A

METAL ENCOLSURE

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20
Q

The negative side of the x-ray tube

A

Cathode

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21
Q

2 parts of cathod

A

filament and focusing cup

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22
Q

flament is made up of

A

thoriated tungsten

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23
Q

tungsten Z and melting point

A

74 and 3410

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24
Q

Metal shroud that surrounds the filamen

A

Focusing Cup

25
Q

focusing cup effectiveness is detemriend by

A

o Its size & shape
o Its charge
o Filament size & shape
o Position of the filament

26
Q

Filament current that has risen to its maximum value because all available electrons have been used

A

Saturation Current

27
Q

A region of the anode target in which electrons interact to produce x-rays

A

Focal Spot

28
Q

size of focal spot

A

(0.1-1 mm)/large (0.3-2 mm)

29
Q

It is used when small body parts are image & when better spatial resolution is required

A

Small Focal Spot

30
Q

Important for high resolution magnification radiography & mammography

A

Round Focal Spot

31
Q

 It is used when large body parts are imaged
 It is associated with the large filament

A

Large Focal Spot

32
Q

The positive side of the x-ray tube

33
Q

It conducts electricity, radiates heat & contains the target

34
Q

3 Most Common Anode Material

A

Copper (Cu-29), Molybdenum (Mo-42) & Graphite

35
Q

Make anode lighter & easier to rotate

A

Mo & Graphite:

35
Q

It is used when high tube current & power are not required

A

Stationary Anode

36
Q

The area of the anode struck by the electrons from the cathode

37
Q

Mammographic Targets:

A

Mo (Z=42) & Rh (Z=45)

38
Q

It allows the electron beam to interact with a much larger target area

A

Rotating Anode

39
Q

revolution of rotating anode

A

3000-10,000 rpm

40
Q

The shaft between the anode & the rotor

A

Anode Stem

41
Q

It is used to turn the anode

A

Electromagnetic Induction Motor

42
Q

Located outside the enclosure
 Stationary coil windings (electromagnets)

43
Q

Located inside the glass envelope
 Rotating part (shaft)

43
Q

Most important
 It conveys which radiographic techniques are safe & unsafe for x-ray tube operation

A

Radiographic Rating Charts

44
Q

It is used to determine the thermal capacity of an anode & its heat dissipation characteristics

A

Anode Cooling Chart

45
Q

is used precisely in the same way as anode cooling chart
 Complete cooling: 1-2 hrs

A

Housing Cooling Chart

46
Q

Three Types of Rating Charts

A

Radiographic Rating Chart
 Anode Cooling Chart
 Housing Cooling Chart

47
Q

It guides & aids the radiographer in using x-ray tubes & acceptable exposure levels to maximize x-ray tube life

A

X-ray Tube Rating Chart

48
Q

The transfer of heat by the movement of a heated substance from one place to anothe

A

Convection

49
Q

The transfer of energy from one area of an object to another

A

conduction

50
Q

The transfer of heat by the emission of infrared radiation

51
Q

Three Ways of Heat Dissipation

A

Radiation, Conduction & Convection

52
Q

Allows large area for heating while maintaining a small focal spot

A

Line Focus Principle

53
Q

NOTE: LINE FOCUS PRINCIPLE

A

 Design incorporated into x-ray tube targets
 Allows large area for heating while maintaining a small focal spot
 Result: effective focal spot much smaller than the actual focal spot
 As the target angle decreases, the effective focal spot size also decreases
 Limiting Factor: the ability of the cone of x-rays produced to adequately cover the largest field size used

54
Q

The area on the anode target that is exposed to electrons from the tube current

A

Actual Focal Spot

55
Q

Consequence of line focus principle

A

Anode Heel Effect

56
Q

NOTE

A

The smaller the anode angle, the larger is the heel effect

57
Q

The imaginary line generated by the centermost x-ray in the beam

A

Central Ray

FCLV,RRT(MIDTERM) (14 decks)

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