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FCLV,RRT(MIDTERM) > DADDY 2 > Flashcards

DADDY 2 Flashcards

1
Q

A special type of diode

A

(anode & cathode)

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2
Q

It converts electrical energy to electromagnetic energy

A

X-ray Tube

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3
Q

Any tube with two electrodes

A

Diode

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4
Q

External Structures OF X-RAY TUBE

A

Support Structure, Protective Housing & Glass/Metal Enclosure

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5
Q

consists of two perpendicular sets of ceiling-mounted rails

A

Ceiling-Support System

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6
Q

allows both longitudinal & transverse travel of the x-ray tube

A

Ceiling-Support System

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7
Q

When x-ray tube is centered above the examination table at the standard SID

A

Preferred Detent Position

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8
Q

It consists a single column with rollers at each end

A

Floor-To-Ceiling Support System

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9
Q

It provides for very flexible x-ray tube positioning

A

C-Arm Support System

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10
Q

Lead-lined metal container into which the x-ray tube is fitted

A

Protective Housing

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11
Q

3 FUCNTIONS OF Protective Housing

A

o Insulator (diala oil) against electric shock
o Thermal cushion to dissipate heat
Mechanical support for the tube & protect it from damage caused by rough handling

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12
Q

protective housing reduces level of leakage radiation to less than

A

100 mR/hr at 1m

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12
Q

Emission with equal intensity in all directions

A

Isotropic Emission

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13
Q

thin section of a glass/metal envelope through which useful beam emerges

A

Window

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14
Q

size of the window

A

5 cm2

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15
Q

X-rays emitted through the window

A

Useful Beam/Primary Radiation

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16
Q

X-rays that escape through protective housing

A

Leakage Radiation

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17
Q

It contains the x-ray tube & its components

A

Glass/Metal Enclosure

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18
Q

Able to withstand tremendous heat generated

A

Pyrex glass

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19
Q

Maintain constant electric potential between the electrons of the tube current & the enclosure

A

METAL ENCOLSURE

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20
Q

The negative side of the x-ray tube

A

Cathode

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21
Q

2 parts of cathod

A

filament and focusing cup

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22
Q

flament is made up of

A

thoriated tungsten

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23
Q

tungsten Z and melting point

A

74 and 3410

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24
Metal shroud that surrounds the filamen
Focusing Cup
25
focusing cup effectiveness is detemriend by
o Its size & shape o Its charge o Filament size & shape o Position of the filament
26
Filament current that has risen to its maximum value because all available electrons have been used
Saturation Current
27
A region of the anode target in which electrons interact to produce x-rays
Focal Spot
28
size of focal spot
(0.1-1 mm)/large (0.3-2 mm)
29
It is used when small body parts are image & when better spatial resolution is required
Small Focal Spot
30
Important for high resolution magnification radiography & mammography
Round Focal Spot
31
 It is used when large body parts are imaged  It is associated with the large filament
Large Focal Spot
32
The positive side of the x-ray tube
Anode
33
It conducts electricity, radiates heat & contains the target
Anode
34
3 Most Common Anode Material
Copper (Cu-29), Molybdenum (Mo-42) & Graphite
35
Make anode lighter & easier to rotate
Mo & Graphite:
35
It is used when high tube current & power are not required
Stationary Anode
36
The area of the anode struck by the electrons from the cathode
Target
37
Mammographic Targets:
Mo (Z=42) & Rh (Z=45)
38
It allows the electron beam to interact with a much larger target area
Rotating Anode
39
revolution of rotating anode
3000-10,000 rpm
40
The shaft between the anode & the rotor
Anode Stem
41
It is used to turn the anode
Electromagnetic Induction Motor
42
Located outside the enclosure  Stationary coil windings (electromagnets)
Stator
43
Located inside the glass envelope  Rotating part (shaft)
Rotor
43
Most important  It conveys which radiographic techniques are safe & unsafe for x-ray tube operation
Radiographic Rating Charts
44
It is used to determine the thermal capacity of an anode & its heat dissipation characteristics
Anode Cooling Chart
45
is used precisely in the same way as anode cooling chart  Complete cooling: 1-2 hrs
Housing Cooling Chart
46
Three Types of Rating Charts
Radiographic Rating Chart  Anode Cooling Chart  Housing Cooling Chart
47
It guides & aids the radiographer in using x-ray tubes & acceptable exposure levels to maximize x-ray tube life
X-ray Tube Rating Chart
48
The transfer of heat by the movement of a heated substance from one place to anothe
Convection
49
The transfer of energy from one area of an object to another
conduction
50
The transfer of heat by the emission of infrared radiation
Radiation
51
Three Ways of Heat Dissipation
Radiation, Conduction & Convection
52
Allows large area for heating while maintaining a small focal spot
Line Focus Principle
53
NOTE: LINE FOCUS PRINCIPLE
 Design incorporated into x-ray tube targets  Allows large area for heating while maintaining a small focal spot  Result: effective focal spot much smaller than the actual focal spot  As the target angle decreases, the effective focal spot size also decreases  Limiting Factor: the ability of the cone of x-rays produced to adequately cover the largest field size used
54
The area on the anode target that is exposed to electrons from the tube current
Actual Focal Spot
55
Consequence of line focus principle
Anode Heel Effect
56
NOTE
The smaller the anode angle, the larger is the heel effect
57
The imaginary line generated by the centermost x-ray in the beam
Central Ray

FCLV,RRT(MIDTERM) (14 decks)

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