D1a2 Social learning theory and phobias

Question 1

Vicarious reinforcement

Answer 1

learning through the positive consequences of other people’s actions rather than firsthand- we are more likely to copy if they are rewarded

Question 2

Modelling

Answer 2

imitating the behaviour of someone

Question 3

Coombes et al

Answer 3

An experiment that involved 2 rats drinking from a spout. One rat was given an injection to make it sick. Later on, both avoided the spout. The healthy rat learned not to drink from the spout because it saw the other being sick.

Question 4

Social learning theory

Answer 4

The theory that we gain new behaviours by watching and imitating a role model. One factor is vicarious reinforcement and punishment.

Question 5

Mineka et al

Answer 5

Mineka found that lab monkeys that grew up in the wild were afraid of snakes, while the ones born in captivity weren’t. They thought the wild monkeys learned their fear by observing adults in the wild. They tested this idea by seeing their reaction to : Snakes (toys and models), and other tings (black/yellow cord, triangle)
Wild born monkeys were only afraid of snakes, while the lab born weren’t afraid of any.
The lab moneys watched the wild monkeys reacting to the objects, and learnt to fear snakes.

Question 6

Curio

Answer 6

When blackbirds see predator, they give warning call:

1) 2 blackbirds (teacher and learner) put in cages so they couldn’t see each other, but could see stuffed bird
3) the teacher saw an owl, and gave predatory call
4) learner saw harmless honeyeater
5) later on, when learner saw honeyeater, it also gave the predatory call

Question 7

Townend et al

Answer 7

Investigated how children could learn parent’s fears by observation and imitation. They found that a factor affecting children’s dental phobia is parent’s anxiousness about dentist

Question 8

Leib et al

Answer 8

looked at why children have social phobias. Found that children more likely to have social phobia if parents did- could have imitated behaviour