D Terms

Question 1

deafness

Answer 1

lack of, or significant loss of, hearing

Question 2

deciduous

Answer 2

first set of teeth

Question 3

deep

Answer 3

away from the surface of the body or an organ

Question 4

deep fascia

Answer 4

a sheet of connective tissue wraped around muscle to hold it in place

Question 5

deep-venous thrombosis (DVT)

Answer 5

presence of a thrombus in a vein, usually a deep vein of the legs

Question 6

deglutition

Answer 6

the act of swallowing

Question 7

demineralization

Answer 7

loss of calcium and phosphorous from the bones

Question 8

denaturation

Answer 8

disruption in protein structure caused by outside factors such as heat, causing the protein to lose physical properties and biological activity

Question 9

dendrite

Answer 9

a neuronal process that carries electrical signals toward the cell body

Question 10

dendritic cell

Answer 10

a type of antigen-presenting cell, with long, branch like projections. common in mucosal linings and skin

Question 11

dental caries

Answer 11

gradual demineralization of enamel and dentin, aka, tooth decay

Question 12

dentin

Answer 12

the bony tissue of a tooth

Question 13

dentition

Answer 13

the eruption of teeth, or the number, shape, and arrangment

Question 14

deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

Answer 14

nucleic acid made of adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine; holds encoded genetic material

Question 15

depression

Answer 15

movement in which a body part moves inferiorly

Question 16

dermal papilla

Answer 16

fingerlike projections of the dermis, mat contain blood capillaries, or corpuscles of touch

Question 17

dermatology

Answer 17

study of diseases of the skin

Question 18

dermatome

Answer 18

an instrument for incising the skin, cutting thin transplants of skin, or the cutaneous area developed from an embryonic spinal cord segment and receiving most of its sensory input from on spinal nerve

Question 19

dermis

Answer 19

a layer of dense irregular connective tissue, is deep to the epidermis

Question 20

descending colon

Answer 20

the part of the colon from left colic flexure to the level of the left iliac crest

Question 21

detrusor muscle

Answer 21

urinary bladder wall muscle

Question 22

diabetes insipidus

Answer 22

condition caused by hyposecretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH); characterized by thirst and excessive urination

Question 23

diabetes mellitus

Answer 23

conditions caused by hyposecretion of insulin; characterized by hyperglycemia, increased urine production, excessive thirst, and excessive eating

Question 24

diagnosis

Answer 24

distinguishing one disease from another or determining nature of the disease via examination

Question 25

dialysis

Answer 25

removal of waste products from the blood via diffusion through a selectively permeable membrane

Question 26

diaphysis

Answer 26

the shaft of a long bone

Question 27

diarthrosis

Answer 27

a freely moveable joint, such as a gliding, hinge, pivot, saddle, or ball-and-socket

Question 28

diastole

Answer 28

phase of relaxation/dilation of the heart muscle, especially of the ventricles

Question 29

diencephalon

Answer 29

the part of the brain consisting of the thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus, and subthalamus

Question 30

diploid

Answer 30

having the normal number of chromosomes, symbolized 2n

Question 31

direct motor pathways

Answer 31

collections of upper motor neurons that project axons into the spinal cord, where they synapse with lower motor neurons

Question 32

disease

Answer 32

any change from a state of health

Question 33

dislocation

Answer 33

displacement of a bone from a joint, with tearing of ligaments, tendons, and articular capsules

Question 34

distal

Answer 34

farther from the attachment point to the trunk

Question 35

diuretic

Answer 35

a chemical the inhibits sodium reabsorption, reduces ADH levels, and increases urine output

Question 36

diverticulum

Answer 36

a sac or pouch in the wall of a canal or organ, especially in the colon

Question 37

dominant allele

Answer 37

the allele that is expressed due to overriding others

Question 38

dorsal body cavity

Answer 38

cavity near dorsal surface of the body, consists of the cranial cavity and vertebral canal

Question 39

dorsiflexion

Answer 39

bending the foot in the direction of the dorsum

Question 40

ductus arteriosus

Answer 40

small vessel connecting the pulmonary trunk with aorta, found only in the fetus

Question 41

ductus epididymis

Answer 41

a tightly coiled tube in the epididymis where sperm mature

Question 42

ductus venosus

Answer 42

a small fetal vessel that helps the circulation bypass the liver

Question 43

duodenum

Answer 43

the first 25cm of the small intestine

Question 44

dura mater

Answer 44

the outer membrane covering the brain and spinal cord

Question 45

dynamic equilibrium

Answer 45

the maintenance of body position in response to sudden movements

Question 46

dysfunction

Answer 46

absence of completely normal function

Question 47

dyslexia

Answer 47

impairment of the brain’s ability to understand written language correctly

Question 48

dysmenorrhea

Answer 48

painful menstration

Question 49

dysplasia

Answer 49

change in size, shape, and organization of cells due to chronic irritation or inflammation

Question 50

dyspnea

Answer 50

shortness of breath

Question 51

dysuria

Answer 51

painful urination