D. Renaissance, Baroque, Classicism, Rococo Flashcards
1
Q
- explain the concept of Renaissance art.
A
To revive classical Antiquity
2
Q
- situate Renaissance art in the frame of reference.
A
1400-1600
Europe
3
Q
- explain why conditions in Italy were ideal for Renaissance art to flourish.
A
- Because of all these ancient ruins ( remains of Antiquity )
- Economy was booming : north of Italy -> patron of the art -> prestige, religious art:
to buy religious art to get to heaven. - urban climate
- humanists: critical thinking
4
Q
- explain the concept and the origin of patronage (sponsorship) of artists.
A
the support that princes, popes, and other wealthy and influential people have provided to artists such as musicians, painters, and sculptors. It can also refer to the right of bestowing offices or church benefices, the business given to a store by a regular customer, and the guardianship of saints.
5
Q
- give two motives for the patronage of artists.
A
- wealthy people used patronage of the arts to endorse their political ambitions, social positions, and prestige.
- When patrons commissioned a major work of public art, it was seen as a gift to the people.
6
Q
- discuss six general features of Renaissance art.
A
- Buildings and statues from Greek and roman antiquity acted as models + ornaments
form that period, such as columns, frontons, coffers, domes were copied. - Biblical scenes remain popular, but also ancient mythology and history become
important themes/subjects. - Pursuit of beauty: Renaissance artist wanted to provide pleasure, arouse admiration
for the beauty and greatness of his work. - Sense of size: the right proportions, symmetry and balance, harmony are very
important, as are horizontal accents. - Focus on man: the beauty of the human body, which is often depicted naked, based
on anatomical knowledge and therefore realistic, but also idealized. - Focus on nature: earthly things, and the appreciation of their beauty. In order to
portray earthly reality as realistically as possible, the painters used perspective
techniques, but again with an idealizing trend.
7
Q
- give at least six examples of artists and one of their works from the early Renaissance period (15th c.).
A
- Filippo Brunelleschi Pazzi Chapel in Florence
- Leone Battista Alberti renovation of the façade of the Bisilica St Maria Novella in
Florence - Donato De Donatello David
- Masccio Expulsión from Paradise
- Sandro Botticelli Birth Of Venus
- Leonardo Da Vinci Last Supper
8
Q
- give at least four examples of artists and one of their works from the late Renaissance period (16th c.).
A
- Donato Bramante Saint Peter’s Basilica in Rome
- Antonio Sangallo Palazzo Farnese
- Michelangelo Buonarotti David
- Raphael Sanzio The school of Athens
9
Q
- discuss at least three typical features when examples of Renaissance art are given.
A
- Theme/story
- Symmetry/balance
- Types of elements
- Art movement
- Setting
- Characteristics/specialties
- Composition
10
Q
- clarify the statement “Pieter Bruegel the Elder followed the Renaissance in spirit, but not in form” using one of his works.
A
Moved to Italy, learned a lot, but remained himself: focus on the common man, the cheerful, foolish, tragic in man. Studied man in his familiar Flemish landscape (the earthly)
The Children’s Games No famous people on the painting, ordinary people playing games very important
11
Q
- prove that the city hall of Antwerp is clearly inspired by the Italian Renaissance.
A
Stress on horizontal lines, classical elements (Roman arches, pillars, frees, pediments,…), Mary with Jesus, Justice and Prudence
12
Q
- discuss examples that show that Renaissance art was spreading all over Europe.
A
- Germany Albrecht Dürer self-portrait
- Spain Filips II’s sober palace El Escorial
- Burgundian Netherlands Origins of polyphony
- Italy Music with an earthly destination and earthly themes
- England William Shakespeare Hamlet
13
Q
- discuss the evolution within Renaissance music.
A
- Polyphony musical texture with at least two simultaneous lines of independent
melody - No longer inspired by divine origin and destination of music, but also music with an
earthly destination and earthly themes.
14
Q
- discuss the innovation in literature in the 15th-16th century.
A
- Humanist Latin purified medieval Latin ≠ classical Latin
- Italy divine comedy written in Latin, poem in three parts (hell, purgatory and
paradise) - Spain first written novel in the modern European language
- England William Shakespeare Hamlet
15
Q
- give three examples of authors (+ work) who used the vernacular during the Renaissance period.
A
- Dante
- Petrarch
- Machiavelli
