Cytotoxic Drugs Flashcards
Examples of Cytotoxic Drugs AAA
A alkylating agents (cyclophosphamde)
A anthracyclines
(Doxirubicin)
A anti-metabolites
(Flouracil/Methotrexate)
Examples of Cytotoxic Drugs CPTV
C cytotoxic antibiotics
(Mitomycin)
P platinum compounds
(Carboplatin/Cisplatin)
T taxanes
(Paclitaxel)
V vinca alkaloids
Cytotoxic Drug Side effects
- Extravasation of IV drugs
- Oral mucositis
- Tumour Lysis syndrome
- Hyperuricaemia
- Bone-marrow supression
- Alopecia
- Thromboembolism
- Myelosupression
- Urothelial Toxicity
What is Extravasation of IV drugs
leakage of IV drug in surrounding tissue causing tissue necrosis
What is Oral mucositis
Sore mouth
Caused By…
Methotrexate, Flouracil, Anthracyclines
What is Tumour Lysis syndrome
too much destruction of tumour cells
How to treat cytotoxic induced Hyperuricaemia
Allopurinol 24 hours before treating tumours
Hydrate patient
Bone-marrow supression monitoring
- check blood count before treatment
- reduce dose if bone marrow hasn’t recovered
- avoid treatment during acute injection
What is Myelosupression caused by and how to treat it
Methotrexate (antidote folinic acid)
What is Urothelial Toxicity and how to treat
- causes haemorrhage in urinary tract
- treat with Mensa
If Oral mucositis is caused by Methotrexate what should you do
use the antidote:
Folinic Acid
What can Tumour Lysis syndrome cause
- Hyperkalaemia
- Hypercalcaemia
- Hyperuricaemia
(causes renal damage and arrhythmias)
What is the common cause of Urothelial Toxicity
Ciclophosphamide
When does Bone-marrow supression usually occur
- usually occurs 7 to 10 days after administration of cytotoxic drugs
Cytotoxic Drugs and Pregnancy
usually teratogenic
- make sure on contraception during and after treatment
