Cytoskeleton Flashcards
What are the classes of intermediate filaments and where are they used?
Keratins: Epithelia, Vimentins:Vimentin - mesenchymal cells, Desmin: Muscle cells, Glial Fibrillary acidic protein: Astrocytes and Schwaan cells, Neurofilaments: Neurons, Lamins: Nuclear Lamins
Actin-Specific Drugs
Cytochalasin B: Prevents Polymerization Phalloidin: Stabilizes Filaments
Microtubule Specific Drug
Colchicine: Prevents Polymerization (gout treatment) Vinca Alkaloids: Prevents Polmyerization (preventing mitoses: anticancer drugs)
Intermediate Filament-Specific Toxins
Acrylamide: Dissassembly or rearrangement of IF (neurotoxin)
What are the genetic defects that affect the cytoskeleton
Dilated Cardiomyopathy (Actin) Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (myosin) Immotile Cilia Syndrome (cilary dynein) Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex (Keratin) Progeria (Nuclear Lamin)
What secondary cytoskeleton changes are due to cell injury
Lou Gehrigs, Alzheimerss, Alcoholic Liver Disease, HPV Infection–> Koilocytosis
Groups of GAGs
Hyaluronan/Hyaluronic Acid: Most Connective Tissues Chondroitin and Dermatan sulfate: cartilage and skin (rel. to aging) Heparan Sulfate: Basal Laminae, cell surfaces Keratan Sulfate: Cornea and Cartilage
Groups of GAGs
Hyaluronan/Hyaluronic Acid: Most Connective Tissues Chondroitin and Dermatan sulfate: cartilage and skin (rel. to aging) Heparan Sulfate: Basal Laminae, cell surfaces Keratan Sulfate: Cornea and Cartilage
What are the steps in collagen synthesis?
What are the diseases associated with collagen?
Scurvy: Vitamin c deficiency prevents the hydroxylation of proline
Mutations
dermatitis herpetiformis: antibodies against anchoring fibrils(cross reacting antibodies agains gluten)
What are some diseases associated with the basal lamina?
Alports Syndrome: Missing/defective BL components (gene mutations of collagen type IV)
Goodpastures Syndrome: Antibodies against BL components (collagen type IV)
