Cytogenic techniques

Question 1

Blot method used to detect a specific DNA sequence

Answer 1

Southern blot

Question 2

Blot method used to detect a specific RNA sequence

Answer 2

Northern blot

Question 3

Blot method used to detect a specific protein after electrophoresis

Answer 3

Western blot

Question 4

Method where small amounts of DNA are amplified >1 million times

Answer 4

PCR

Question 5

Fragments used in PCR to select the section of DNA to be copied

Answer 5

Oligonucleotide primers

Question 6

Method in PCR where double stranded DNA is changed into single stranded DNA through heating

Answer 6

Denaturing

Question 7

Cytogenic technique where fluorescent probes attach to similarly sequenced sections of DNA and microscopy is used to detect where the probe has attached

Answer 7

Fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH)

Question 8

DNA molecule found in bacteria which can replicate independently from chromosomal DNA

Answer 8

Plasmid

Question 9

Method by which plasmids can be used to replicate desired gene sequences

Answer 9

DNA fragment isolated and inserted into the genome of a plasmid
Allow the plasmid to replicate
Remove the inserted gene sequences, giving large quantities of the required genes

Question 10

Steps in PCR

Answer 10

Denaturing of double stranded DNA into single stranded using heat
Annealing the DNA using cooling
Extending the primers using DNA polymerase
Cycling to increase the number of copies of DNA

Question 11

Best test for diagnosing Huntington’s disease

Answer 11

PCR