Cell cycle

Question 1

Four phases of the cell cycle

Answer 1

Growth phase 1
Synthetic phase
Growth phase 2
Mitotic phase

Question 2

Phase outwith the cell cycle where the cell is resting and not dividing

Answer 2

G0

Question 3

Phases of the cell cycle which are not mitosis

Answer 3

Interphase

Question 4

Phase of the cell cycle where the cell is preparing for DNA synthesis

Answer 4

Growth phase 1

Question 5

Phase of the cell cycle where the cell is replicating its DNA

Answer 5

Synthesis

Question 6

Phase of the cell cycle where the cell is preparing for mitosis

Answer 6

Growth phase 2

Question 7

Phase of the cell cycle where the cell is dividing into two

Answer 7

Mitosis

Question 8

Phases of mitosis

Answer 8

Prophase
Prometaphase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis

Question 9

Events that occur during prophase of mitosis

Answer 9

Chromatin condenses and becomes visible as chromosomes

Question 10

Events that occur during prometaphase of mitosis

Answer 10

Nuclear membrane dissolves

Microtubules attach to the centromeres of chromasomes

Question 11

Events that occur during metaphase of mitosis

Answer 11

Chromosomes line up at the centre of the cell

Question 12

Events that occur at the anaphase of mitosis

Answer 12

Chromosomes separate into their chromatids and begin to move to opposite ends of the cell

Question 13

Events that occur at telophase of mitosis

Answer 13

Chromatids arrive at opposite ends of the cell

New nuclear membranes begin to form around the two new sets of chromosomes

Question 14

Events that occur during cytokinesis of mitosis

Answer 14

Cell splits into two new cells each with a nucleus

Question 15

Type of cell division required for the production of gametes

Answer 15

Meisosis

Question 16

Resulting cells after a cycle of meiosis

Answer 16

Four daughter cells

Each daughter cell has half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell

Question 17

Event that occurs in meiosis meaning that sections of DNA between chromosome pairs prior to the chromosomes dividing into their new daughter cells during anaphase 1

Answer 17

Synapsis

Question 18

Type of cell which has 46 chromosomes in 23 pairs

Answer 18

Diploid

Question 19

Type of cell which has 23 individual chromosomes

Answer 19

Haploid

Question 20

Stages of meiosis

Answer 20

Prophase 1
Prometaphase 1
Metaphase 1
Anaphase 1
Telophase 1
Cytokinesis 1
Prophase 2
Prometaphase 2
Metaphase 2
Anaphase 2
Telophase 2
Cytokinesis 2

Question 21

Differences between meiosis 1 and mitosis

Answer 21

Synapsis prior to anaphase
In anaphase 1 sister chromatids are not separated but pairs of chromosomes are separated so each daughter cell gets 23 paired sister chromatids which will be separated into 23 individual chromosomes during anaphase 2

Question 22

Differences between meiosis 2 and mitosis

Answer 22

Start with 23 pairs of sister chromatids in meiosis 2; start with 46 pairs of sister chromatids in mitosis
Otherwise no difference

Question 23

Examples of cell types which remain in phase G0 forever

Answer 23

Neurons

Hepatocytes

Question 24

Following synapsis during meiosis I, the new combination of alleles that the resulting chromosome contains

Answer 24

Recombination

Question 25

Phase in meiosis during which recombination takes place

Answer 25

Prophase I