Cytochemical Stains

Question 0

Sudan Black B

Answer 0

Stains phospholipids and lipoproteins in granulocytes

Differentiates AML from ALL as Lymphs will not stain

Question 1

Myeloperoxidase (MPO)

Answer 1

Stains peroxidase in granulocytes and lightly in monocytes, including blast forms
Differentiates AML from ALL as Lymphs will not stain

Question 2

Specific Esterase Stain

Answer 2

Napthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase stain

Stains Esterase present in the primary granules of granulocytes, will not stain Lymphs or Monocytes

Question 3

Non-specific Esterase Stain

Answer 3

Alpha-naphthyl acetate/butyrate

Stains Esterase in Monocytes, granulocytes will not stain

Question 4

Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)

Answer 4

Stains glycogen in young lymphs, malignant erythroblasts, and megakaryocytes
Myeloblasts and normal erythroblasts will not stain
Helpful in diagnosing ALL and erythroleukemia

Question 5

Leukocyte Alkaline Phosphatase (LAP)

Answer 5

Stains alkaline phosphatase in the primary granules of neutrophils
Differentiates CML from Neutrophillic Leukemoid Rxn (NLR)
Gives an LAP Scire based on 100 neutrophils graded from 0-4+ based on stain intensity and granule size then totaled (normal 13-130)

Question 6

Low LAP

Answer 6

CML, PNH

Question 7

Normal LAP

Answer 7

CML in remission or with infection, Hodgkin lymphoma in remission, secondary polycythemia

Question 8

High LAP

Answer 8

Neutrophillic Leukemoid Rxn, polycythemia vera, CML in blast crisis, late pregnancy

Question 9

Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase stain (TRAP)

Answer 9

Almost all cells stain with the phosphatase, but staining is inhibited in most cells by added tartrate
Only Hairy Cells will retain the stain

Question 10

Perl’s Prussian Blue Stain

Answer 10

Stains iron in siderocytes