CVS RESPI RENAL SBRD

Question 1

pathophysiology of UARS/OSA

Answer 1

Upper Airway Anatomy and Collapsibility
- Anatomical Predisposition to a narrower airway
- Reduced Pharyngeal Lumen
Neuromuscular Control
- Decreased Muscle Tone During Sleep
- Impaired Reflexes
Functional Factors
- airflow limitation
- negative pressure

Question 2

management of OSA

Answer 2

general measure
- weight loss
- avoid supine position when sleep
- avoid alcohol sedative before sleep

positive airway pressure
- machine delivers air pressure through your nose or is placed over your nose and mouth while you sleep
- Pressure is more than surrounding.
- Prevent airway from collapsing, keeps airway open
- most successful measure
MAD
- Increase volume of upper airway at retropalatal and retroglossal
- Not very comfortable, long term may lead to tmj symptoms
- Useful for patients where surgery is difficult
Upper airway surgery (involve ENT and Maxfac)
- Phase 1
- Phase 2