cancer ben grave

Question 1

role of dentist in oral cancer

Answer 1

Maintenance of proper oral hygiene
Provide advice regarding general cancer screening
Advice on healthy diet
Smoking cessation encouragement
Alcohol cessation encouragement
Perform oral cancer screening

Question 2

what is cancer

Answer 2

Uncontrolled growth of aberrant neoplastic cells
Destructive invasion of tissues by direct extension and spread to distant sites by metastasis via blood, lymph or serosal surfaces

Question 3

pathologic change in cancer

Answer 3

Hyperproliferative epithelium
Dysplasia
Dysplasia

Question 4

what is manifestation of HPV infection

Answer 4

squamous papilloma and condyloma acuminatum

Question 5

list down disease caused by HSV

Answer 5

Hespes simplex
Varicella Zoster
Epstein barr
Cytomegalovirus
Human hespes 8

Question 6

what disease does coxsackie virus cause

Answer 6

hand-foot-mouth disease and herpangima

Question 7

what does rubella virus cause

Answer 7

Measles

Question 8

A primary HSV infection would manifest as?

Answer 8

primary herpetic gingivostomatitis and may extend to the vermillion border

Question 9

what can recurrent HSV manifest as?

Answer 9

herpes labialis (cold sore)

Question 10

what can trigger recurrent hsv

Answer 10

Sunlight
stress
Immunosuppression

Question 11

Pathogenesis of viral infection (in general!)

Answer 11

1. Transmission – saliva, direct contact with lesion etc
2. Entry – enter body via mouth or whatever
3. Replication - Once inside the host cells (typically epithelial cells in the mouth), the virus sheds its outer capsid and injects its genetic material (DNA) into the host cell nucleus.
   a. The viral DNA hijacks the host cell’s machinery to produce new viral particles
   b. uses the host cell’s ribosomes, enzymes, and materials to produce new viral proteins and replicate its genetic material
4. Viral release – newly assembled viral particles cause the infected cells to lyse (burst open) or bud out to releasing the progeny virus into the surrounding tissues. This local spread within the mouth leads to the characteristic inflammation and blister formation
5. Cellular damage - more viral replication, more infected host, more cell death.
6. Immune response - The host immune system recognizes the viral components as foreign and mounts an immune response to eliminate the infected cells and prevent further viral spread. This response involves
   a. Production of antibodies: Specific antibodies are produced to target and neutralize the virus, preventing it from infecting new cells.
   b. Activation of immune cells: White blood cells like lymphocytes and macrophages attack and destroy infected cells. This process can lead to inflammation and tissue injury.