Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Alyssa Pharmacology > CVS Drugs > Flashcards

CVS Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Ciprofibrate

A

Fibrate - PPAR agonist

Notes - Reduces serum LDL & TGs & increases serum HDL. CAUTION WITH STATINS (ESP. GEMFIBROZIL)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Femofibrate

A

Fibrate - PPAR agonist

Notes - Reduces serum LDL & TGs & increases serum HDL. CAUTION WITH STATINS (ESP. GEMFIBROZIL) Used for hypertriglyceridemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Gemfibrozil

A

Fibrate - PPAR agonist

Notes - Reduces serum LDL & TGs & increases serum HDL. CAUTION WITH STATINS (ESP. GEMFIBROZIL)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Amiloride

A

K+ Sparring diuretic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Spironolactone

A

K+ Sparring diuretic & anti-androgen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Amiodarone

A

K+ channel blocker

Notes - Slows HR (by prolonging QT interval). Used for supraventricular & ventricular tachycardias. Has long half life in fat bc lipophilic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Dronedarone

A

K+ channel blocker

Notes - Slows HR (by prolonging QT interval). Analogue of amiodarone that is less effective. SE - paradoxical pro-arrhythmic effects “Torsades du pontes”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Sotalol

A

K+ channel blocker

Notes - Slows HR (by prolonging QT interval).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Disopyramide

A

Class Ia Na+ channel blocker

Notes - Slows HR by acting on non-nodal AP. Blocks Na+ channels during phase 0 block ++, Moderate A/D. Also blocks K+ channels during phase 3 and prevents outward flow so prolongs ERP, reducing the frequency of APs. Used for ventricular arrhythmias and AFib. SE - anti-cholinergic effects & constipation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Lidocaine

A

Na+ channel blocker

Notes - Slows HR by acting on non-nodal AP. Blocks Na+ channels during phase 0 block + (least), Fastest A/D.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Flecainide

A

Na+ channel blocker

Notes - Slows HR by acting on non-nodal AP. Blocks Na+ channels during phase 0 block +++ (most), Slowest A/D. used for ventricular arrhythmias. C/i in patients with structural heart disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Statins

A

Competitive HMGCoA reductase inhibitors

Notes - reduce cholesterol synthesis, increase clearance of plasma cholesterol by increasing LDL receptors, decrease ox stress, increase stability of atherosclerotic lesions, decrease TG & increase HDL. SE - HMGCoA (hepatotoxicity/headache, myalgia/myopathy, GI effects, CPK increase, Avoid in pregnancy, liver impairment, elderly, hypothyroidism, hx of muscle disorders). CYP inhibitors. DDI with fibrates ESP gemfibrozil bc increases renal toxicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Alirocumab, Evolocumab

A

mAb PCKS9 inhibitor

Notes - encourage LDL internalization/recycling. Reduce LDL 50-70%. Administer s/c every 2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Inclisiran

A

siRNA PCKS9 inhibitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Glycerol trinitrate

A

Nitrate (vasodilator)

Notes - Causes spontaneous NO release. used with ACEi/ARB. used for pulmonary congestion & dyspnea. Taken sublingually. Tolerance with prolonged use. SE - postural hypotension & headache

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Isosorbate mono/dinitrate

A

Nitrate (vasodilator)

Notes - Longer acting nitrate. Causes spontaneous NO release. used with ACEi/ARB. used for pulmonary congestion & dyspnea. Taken sublingually. Tolerance with prolonged use. SE - postural hypotension & headache

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Hydralazine

A

Arteriodilator

Notes - direct acting vasodilator. Used for fatigue associated with CHF, preeclampsia, HT+HF in Africans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Nitropruside

A

Combined venodilator + arteriodilator

Notes - used for Acute HF IV only

19
Q

Minoxidil

A

Direct acting vasodilator

20
Q

Losartan, Valsartan

A

ARBs (inhibit RAAS)

Notes - SE same as ACEi but less severe. C/i in renal artery stenosis & breastfeeding. Can reduce fetal blood flow. NOT to be used with ACEi. especially effective against cerebrovascular events, TII diabetic nephropathy & bilateral renal artery stenosis (bc ACEi can’t be used).

21
Q

Enalapril, Captopril

A

ACEi (inhibit RAAS)

Notes - SE “TOPCARD” Teratogen, orthostatic hypotension, potassium increase, cough dry (bc buildup of bradykinin in lungs), angioedema, renal impairment, dizziness. C/i bilateral renal artery stenosis. Used for post MI, HT w HF, HT w LV dysfunction, secondary stroke prevention

22
Q

Bisoprolol

A

BB (b1)

Notes - cardio depressive. Slow disease progression. c/i in variant angina

23
Q

Carvedilol

A

BB (b and alpha1 blocker)

Notes - cardio depressive. Slow disease progression. Lowers TPR while preventing reflex tachycardia. Used for Asthma. c/i in variant angina

24
Q

Labetolol

A

BB

Notes - cardio depressive. Slow disease progression. Used in pregnancy & for asthma. c/i in variant angina

25
Q

Nebivolol

A

BB (b blocker and NO release from V-ECs)

Notes - cardio depressive. Slow disease progression. Racemic mixture of D/L isomers. c/i in variant angina

26
Q

Metoprolol

A

BB

Notes - cardio depressive. Slow disease progression. Used for arrhythmias by elevated SNS activity (ex. after MI), AV node re-entry, supraventricular tachycardia, AFib & flutter. c/i in variant angina

27
Q

Clonidine, Methyldopa

A

Centrally acting a2 agonists

Notes - Decreases TPR, HR & SNS activity. hypertensive crisis if withdrawn quickly. c/i depression

28
Q

Doxazosin, Prazosin, Terazosin

A

a1 Antagonists “zosins”

Notes - relax SMC. SE - 1st dose orthostatic hypotension

29
Q

Dobutamine

A

beta agonist

Notes - Used in acute HF only. Increases contractility, HR & CO.

30
Q

Dopamine

A

beta agonist

Notes - Used in acute HF only. Increases contractility, HR & CO. used to increase renal perfusion & excretion of sodium. High doses bind b1 receptors

31
Q

Digoxin

A

Cardiac glycoside

Notes - Positive inotropy. improves symptoms but NOT mortality. Inhibits NaK ATPase pump so sodium remains in cell. Low TI. Toxicity 2 ways 1) with diuretics can cause hypokalemia 2) slowed clearance in patients with renal failure can buildup in plasma. DDI verapamil (CCB) & amiodarone (anti-arrhythmic)

32
Q

Verapamil

A

Non-DHP CCB

Notes -Inhibit VGLCC. Act on cardiac muscle. SE - constipation, heart block, worse HF. NOT TO BE USED WITH BB

33
Q

Diltiazem

A

Non-DHP CCB

Notes -Inhibit VGLCC. Act on cardiac muscle and SMC

34
Q

Nifedipine

A

DHP CCB

Notes -Inhibit VGLCC. Act on SMC. SE - “Cow”cium channel SHRED - slower heart rate, hypotension/headache, reflex tachycardia, edema, dizziness/flushing. Used for treatment of Raynauds. Can combine with BB to limit reflex tacchy so it is more effective for HT therapy

35
Q

Nicardipine

A

DHP CCB

Notes -Inhibit VGLCC. Act on SMC. SE - “Cow”cium channel SHRED - slower heart rate, hypotension/headache, reflex tachycardia, edema, dizziness/flushing

36
Q

Felodipine

A

DHP CCB

Notes -Inhibit VGLCC. Act on SMC. SE - “Cow”cium channel SHRED - slower heart rate, hypotension/headache, reflex tachycardia, edema, dizziness/flushing

37
Q

Amlodipine

A

DHP CCB

Notes -Inhibit VGLCC. Act on SMC. SE - “Cow”cium channel SHRED - slower heart rate, hypotension/headache, reflex tachycardia, edema, dizziness/flushing. Long-acting so good for LT HT therapy

38
Q

Colesevelam

A

Cholesterol absorption inhibitor

Notes - sequester bile acids. SE - bulky, unpalatable, diarrhea/constipation. DDI - impair absorption of anionic/neutral drugs ex warfarin, digoxin, thiazides

39
Q

Colestipol

A

Cholesterol absorption inhibitor

Notes - sequester bile acids. SE - bulky, unpalatable, diarrhea/constipation. DDI - impair absorption of anionic/neutral drugs ex warfarin, digoxin, thiazides

40
Q

Ezetimibe

A

Cholesterol absorption inhibitor

Notes - sequester bile acids. SE - bulky, unpalatable, diarrhea/constipation.

41
Q

Nicorandil

A

K+ Channel agonist (NO donor)

Noters - hyperpolarizes the cell

42
Q

Ranolazine

A

K+ Channel agonist (indirectly decreases calcium entry)

Notes - relaxes SMC & decreases contractility

43
Q

Ivabradine

A

Bradycardic

Notes - inhibits If current in SA node to decrease HR. Used for chronic stable angina when BB contraindicated. Pro is that it has little effect on non-vascular SMC.

Alyssa Pharmacology (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions