CVD Flashcards
What are the 5 modifiable risk factors for hypertension?
- smoking
- alcohol
- diabetes
- obesity
- salt intake
Which of the following has the highest hypertension treatment efficacy?
a. weight control
b. physical activity
c. drug therapy
d. DASH diet
d. DASH diet
* Mediterranean diet is also good*
The DASH diet recognizes the roles of what 3 minerals in controlling blood pressure?
- calcium
- magnesium
- potassium
What are the 4 lifestyle risk factors for CHD?
- cigarette smoking
- obesity (BMI >30)
- physical inactivity
- atherogenic diet
These type of fats are solid at room temp and can be found in fatty meats, and fat containing dairy products.
saturated fat
These type of fats are found in avocados, canola, olive, and almond oil.
unsaturated fat
This type of fatty acids can reduce risk of heart attack by making blood less “sticky”
omega-3 fatty acids
still NOT recommended for CVD
Omega-3 fatty acids can be found in what foods?
- walnuts, flaxseeds, canola oil, fatty fish
What is the EAL recommendation for omega-3 fatty acids?
two 4-ounce servings of fatty fish per week
If you replace your saturated fat with ________ there is no improvement in CHD risk
carbohydrates
need to replace saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat for best outcome
What 2 factors can increase LDL?
- saturated and trans fatty acids
- excess body weight
What 4 factors can decrease LDL?
- polyunsaturated fatty acids
- viscous fiber
- plant stanols/sterols
- weight loss
Very ______ carb diets can cause low HDL cholesterol.
high
What is the primary target of statin therapy?
LDL cholesterol
Eruptive xanthomas and a TG level of >1000 mg/dl is consistent with this diagnosis.
severe hypertriglyceridemia
