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1st/2nd Year Revision > CVC conditions - muscle > Flashcards

CVC conditions - muscle Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pathology of pericarditis?

A

Inflammation of the pericardium

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2
Q

What are the causes of pericarditis?

A 
Viral
Bacterial 
Uraemia
Tuberculosis
Rheumatic fever
Connective tissue disorders
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3
Q

What are the symptoms of pericarditis?

A

Substernal sharp chest pain – worse on movement, relieved by leaning forward
Pericardial friction rub
Fever

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4
Q

What investigations would be done if pericarditis was suspected?

A

ECG – ST elevation, T wave inversion

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5
Q

How is pericarditis treated?

A

NSAIDs or aspirin with gastric protection
Colchicine
Treat cause

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6
Q

What is the pathology of myocarditis?

A

Inflammation of the myocardium

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7
Q

What are the causes of myocarditis?

A

Idiopathic – 50%
Viral
Bacterial
Drugs

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8
Q

What are the symptoms of myocarditis?

A 
Can be asymptomatic
Chest pain
Heart failure
Palpitations
Death
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9
Q

What investigations would be done if myocarditis was suspected?

A

ECG
ECHO
Viral screen – swabs

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10
Q

How is myocarditis treated?

A

Usually self-limiting

Treat symptoms

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11
Q

What are the complications of myocarditis?

A

Chronic myocarditis

Heart failure

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12
Q

What are the causes of infective endocarditis?

A

IC drug use
Prosthetic valves
Organisms - staph aureus, strep, enterococci

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13
Q

What is the pathology of infective endocarditis?

A

Infection of the endothelium

Usually involved valves

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14
Q

What are the signs of infective endocarditis?

A 
Chest pain – worse on inspiration
Septic symptoms – fever, rigors, night sweats, malaise, weight loss, anaemia, splenomegaly, clubbing
New murmur
Microscopic haematuria
Splinter haemorrhages
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15
Q

How is infective endocarditis investigated?

A 
Blood cultures – 3
Bloods – FBC, CRP, ESR, RF
Urinalysis 
ECG
Trans-oesophageal ECHO
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16
Q

How is infective endocarditis treated?

A

IV benzylpenicillin and gentamicin

If IVDU – flucloxacillin

17
Q

What are the complications of infective endocarditis?

A

Septic emboli
Aneurysm
Meningitis

18
Q

What is the diagnostic criteria for infective endocarditis?

A

Duke’s criteria - 2 major, 1 major + 3 minor, 5 minor
Major - positive blood culture for typical organism, evidence of endocardial involvement
Minor - fever, previous heart condition or IVDU, immunological phenomena (osler’s nodes, Roth spots, glomerulonephritis, clubbing, petechiae, arthralgia), vascular phenomena (mycotic aneurysm, Janeway lesions, septic emboli, intracranial haemorrhage, visceral infarct, splinter haemorrhages)
Positive blood culture with atypical bacteria

1st/2nd Year Revision (15 decks)

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