CVA - Lecture 11 Flashcards

1
Q

CVA

A

a sudden loss of neurological fxn resulting from interruption of blood flow to the brain

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2
Q

CVA is also known as a

A

brain attack

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3
Q

cerebrovascular dz

A

any disorder in which areas of the brain are transiently or permanently affected by ischemia or hemorrhage

or

disorder in which one or more blood vessels of the brain is/are impaired by a pathologic process

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4
Q

prevalence

A

7 mill in US

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5
Q

incidence

A

795,000 people per yea

610,000 new strokes

185,00 recurrent

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6
Q

CVA is the most common cause of

A

chronic disability

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7
Q

how much does incidence increase every decade

A

doubles after 55

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8
Q

how often does someone suffer a new stroke

A

every 40 sec

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9
Q

how often does someone die from a stroke

A

every 3-4 min

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10
Q

high risk pop

A

men

african americans

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11
Q

men

A

30% higher incidence

80% greater risk of developing a subsequent stroke

increased exposure to modifiable risk factors

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12
Q

african americans

A

black men have a 50% greater incidence than white men

black women have a 130% higher incidence than white women

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13
Q

mortality –> ischemic CVA

A

17-25% within the first month

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14
Q

hemorrhagic CVA mortality

A

40-60% within the first month

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15
Q

when does survivability approach normal

A

~18 months post CVA

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16
Q

how many strokes are preventable

17
Q

S&S

A

sudden onset of
-numbness or weakness
-confusion and slurring of speech
-visual disturbance
-dizziness, gait disturbance and/or balance/coordination dysfunction
-severe headache w/ unknown cause

18
Q

what to do when sudden onset of symptoms occurs

19
Q

non-modifiable risk factors

A

over 55 years of age

male

black

family history

prior CVA

20
Q

over 55 years of age

A

lifetime risk of 1 in 6

21
Q

family history

A

increased likelihood of CVA

22
Q

prior CVA

A

greatly increases the risk of having a 2nd CVA (25-40% w/in 5 years)

prior TIA

23
Q

prior TIA

A

warning signal

can be considered a modifiable risk factor

24
Q

modifiable risk factors

A

hypertension

cigarette smoking

hypercholesteremia

obesity

physical inactivity

adult onset diabetes (type II)

ETOH abuse

drug use

25
hypertension
single most significant controllable risk factor aggravates atherosclerosis and can cause rupture of weakened blood vessel walls
26
cigarette smoking
increased BP decreased blood ability to carry O2 increased platelet aggregation --> increased clotting
27
adult onset diabetes
control of type 2 DM
28
ETOH abuse
increase risk of hemorrhagic CVA although light alc consumption can decrease risk of CVA by decreasing platelet aggregation
29
drug use
quickly increase BP --> likelihood for CVA
30
classification of CVA
ischemic hemorrhagic
31
ischemia
thrombic embolic TIA