Central Vestibular Disorders - Lecture 12 Flashcards
central vestibular disorders
brain stem lesions
basilar artery migraine
TIA’s
CVA’s
MS
cerebellar lesions
metastatic tumors
meningiomas
vertebrobasilar insufficiency
CVA
damage can be done to central vestibula structures
TBI/head trauma
damage to central and peripheral vestibular structures
arnold chiari
extension of cerebellar tissue into the spinal cord
vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI)
temporary sx d/t decreased blood flow in the posterior circulation of the brain in which 2 vertebral arteries joint to form the basilar artery
sx of VBI
vertigo
MS
dizziness is reported as the first sx in 5%
50% report dizziness at some point
not strictly central
may have peripheral dz like BPPV or others
cerebellar atrophy
presents w/ the worst sx
most difficult to treat d/t being the site of vestibular adaptation
neurological causes of dizziness
stroke, migraine, other disturbances of circulation to the brain
seizure
MS and other disorders of the white matter
cerebellar degeneration, chiari malformation and other disorders of the cerebellum
mal de debarquement syndrome
others
medical causes of dizziness
hypotension
hypertension
cardiac arrythmia
coronary artery dz
infection
medication
cervical
hypoglycemia
psychological causes of dizziness
anxiety and panic disorder
malingering
phobia
S&S of vestibular pathology
dizziness and nausea with head and body motion
motion sickness, car sickness, sea sickness
loss of balance
loss of balance –> S&S of vestibular pathology
turning “en bloc”
walking with decreased head and body rotation
walking with wide base of support
S&S of vestibular pathology pt.2
blurry vision with head motion and clear vision with head still
oscillopsia
sensation of rocking or spinning when still
hesitant to move head or body to avoid increase in symptoms
difficulty balancing or walking with eyes closed or in dimly lit areas
peripheral symptoms
nausea - severe
imbalance - mild
hearing loss - common
neuro signs - rare
adaptation - rapid
