CV Physiology: Blood Pressure Regulation

Question 1

A drug is infused into a person that causes both cardiac output and arterial pressure to increase by 20%. Assuming that central venous pressure remains at zero, we can conclude that systemic vascular resistance

A) increases by 20%

B) does not change

C) decreases by 20%

D) decreases by 40%

Answer 1

B) does not change

Question 2

The carotid sinus baroreceptors are located on the internal carotid arteries and are innervated by the vagus nerve.

True

False

Answer 2

False

Question 3

A sudden fall in arterial blood pressure as occurs when a person rapidly stands up causes

A) increased firing of the carotid sinus baroreceptors

B) increased stimulation of the nucleus tractus solitarius

C) increased sympathetic adrenergic efferent activity

D) decreased firing of carotid body receptors

Answer 3

C) increased sympathetic adrenergic efferent activity

Question 4

As blood flows away from the heart, the mean blood pressure has the greatest decline across which class of vessels?

A) large distributing arteries

B) veins

C) capillaries

D) arterioles

Answer 4

D) arterioles

Question 5

The aortic pulse pressure increases with a person’s age. The increased pulse pressure most commonly results from

A) decreased aortic compliance

B) increased left ventricular stroke volume

C) reduced left ventricular ejection velocity

Answer 5

A) decreased aortic compliance

Question 6

Activation of efferent sympathetic nerves increases arterial pressure by

A) increasing the rate of sinoatrial node firing

B) increasing conduction velocity in the atrioventricular node

C) decreasing systemic vascular resistance

D) releasing the transmitter acetylcholine

Answer 6

A) increasing the rate of sinoatrial node firing

Question 7

An elevation in arterial PCO2 causes central chemoreceptors to increase their firing, which leads to systemic vasoconstriction.

True

False

Answer 7

True

Question 8

Arterial systolic pressure occurs during left ventricular ejection, whereas arterial diastolic pressure occurs just before left ventricular ejection.

True

False

Answer 8

True

Question 9

If during exercise cardiac output doubles and systemic vascular resistance decreases by 50%, what will happen to mean arterial pressure (assume that central venous pressure is zero)?

A) increases by 50%

B) increases by 100%

C) decreases by 50%

D) does not change

Answer 9

D) does not change

Question 10

During the first phase of a Valsalva maneuver, which of the following occurs?

A) aortic pressure decreases

B) central venous pressure increases

C) heart rate increases

D) venous return increases

Answer 10

B) central venous pressure increases