CV Cycle Flashcards
Six Main Phases of CV cycle?
- IC
- Ejection
- IR
- Rapid Filling
- Diastasis/Passive slow filling
- Active Filling/Atrial Systole
Looking only at the LV, starting at IC, list the four Valve events that occur and when.
- MC @ beginning of IC
- AO @ end of IC
- AC @ beginning of IR
- MO @ end of IR
Mnemonic to remember Valve order?
CoCo’s @ Mt. Pennsylvane
McTcPoAo–AcPcToMo
When does the Aortic pressure start to rise?
When the Aortic Valve opens
When does the Aortic Valve open?
At the end of IC
What is Proto-Diastole and why does it occur?
When Aortic pressure surpasses Ventricular pressure just before IR. AP stays alive from the momentum that escaped the ventricle.
What is the dicrotic notch?
Fluctuation during IR in the Aortic pressure graph due to the vibration from the Aortic Valve Closing. (Second sound)
During ventricular systole, what two main valves are open?
Pulmonary and Aortic
(Lungs and body get blood)
“Pennsylvania for Ejection”
During ventricular systole, what two main valves are closed?
Mitral and Tricuspid
(You don’t want backflow reversing into atria)
“Mountain Atrial gate keepers”
During atrial systole, what two main valves are open?
Mitral and Tricuspid
During atrial systole, what two main valves are closed?
Pulm. and Aortic
What’s the aortic pressure doing in IC and why?
It’s slightly falling because it’s already ejected and has been relaxing during ventricular filling.
Typical Aortic Pressure Range?
80-120
What’s the L Ventricular pressure doing in IC and why?
Greatly rising because it’s volume is packed up and it’s getting ready to eject (~80)
What three main things happen to the ventricular pressure after reaching its peak Ejection pressure?
- Dips below Aortic Pressure (Protodiastole)
- Dips below Atrial Pressure (IR)
- Stays below Atrial Pressure and follows the A-wave bump during Atrial systole.
What is the Z-point and where does it occur?
It’s where Vent and Atrial pressures are the same during IC
Typical L. Ventricular pressure range?
0-120
Typical Atrial range?
10-30
What is the c-wave?
The rise in pressure that occurs in the Atria during IC
I believe there is a bulge in Mitral valve from the Ventricular pressure shooting so high.
What is the v wave?
The slow rise from venous return into atira with mitral valve closed.
What is the a wave?
The 20% active pressure pump during atrial systole (phase 3/3 after ejection)
- Allows the quick, final filling for the ventricle
What happens to the atrial pressure when the Mitral Valve opens?
You get a pressure dip
What are the three phases after IR?
Rapid, Slow, and Active
Normal Ventricular Volume range?
50-130
What is the Cardiac Residual volume?
The Ventricular Volume of blood left over after ejection.
When does the first heart sound occur?
@IC when the Mitral valve closes
When does the second heart sound occur?
@IR when the Aortic valve closes
At the peak of the R, during the QRS wave, what CV phase cycle are you in?
Isovolumetric Contraction
At the peak of the T-wave for EKG, what CV phase cycle are you in?
Late Ejection phase
At the peak of the P-wave for EKG, what CV phase cycle are you in?
Early Atrial Systole.
