Cutting/addition processes

Question 1

define wasting processes

Answer 1

cutting/addition processes where part of the material is removed/disposed of after cutting+shaping in manufacture

Question 2

describe the process of die cutting

Answer 2

• the die consists of steel sharp blades (for cutting) round-edged blades (for creasing), and serrated blades (for perforated cuts)
• the blades are selected+formed into the shape of the net
• the die is mounted on a strong plywood base and pressed down into the card

Question 3

describe the uses+benefits of die cutting

Answer 3

• can cut through many layers at once - good for large-scale production
• good for nets with complicated designs
• however is expensive as you have to make blades to match your net
• stencils, packaging nets

Question 4

name small tools used for cutting/trimming (5)

Answer 4

• metal-cased knife: tough materials (thick board/ balsa wood)
• trimming knife: retractable blades for safety when not in use
• perforation cutters: round blade which rotates as you push along, makes tear strips
• circle cutters: arcs/circles in card/paper, diameter variable
• scalpels: very sharp, precision cutting

Question 5

describe the process of scoring +safety

Answer 5

• draw a guideline in pencil, line up a metal ruler, run a (trimming) knife along the line
• press lightly to avoid cutting through board underneath
• use a scoreboard or thick board
• ensures folds are straight/ neat/ accurate

Question 6

describe materials that have been modified using chemicals for a specific purpose (6)

Answer 6

• kraft paper has chemical treatment - makes it strong+ tear-resistant, creates a vapour barrier so used for food packaging for dry products (flour)
• baking parchment treated with sulphuric acid - non-stick
• greaseproof paper - changes qualities of fibres to make it less absorbent
• pulp of paper towels mixed with resin - increases wet strength
• solid white board is bleached then coated with wax - strong, thick, good printing surface, safe for direct contact w food
• chemicals added to paper - add colour, enhance brightness

Question 7

describe the process+ uses+ benefits of laminating

Answer 7

• paper is sandwiched between two layers of plastic then heated to seal it together
• quick, gives a shiny or matt finish, protects from damage, looks more professional
• business cards, menus, posters

Question 8

describe the process+ uses+ benefits of embossing

Answer 8

• a shaped die is pushed into the back of the material to leave a raised impression on surface
• draws attention to a certain bit of product, adds texture, appears high-quality
• book titles, logos, patterns

Question 9

describe the process+ uses+ benefits of foil blocking

Answer 9

• metal foil is printed onto certain area of product using heat+pressure
• draws attention to a certain area, appears high-quality
• greetings cards, book titles, wrapping paper

Question 10

describe the process+ uses+ benefits of UV flood varnishing

Answer 10

• a varnish is applied to the surface of the paper then cured under UV light to dry
• applied to the whole product
• glossy/shiny/matt finish, protects products that are handled frequently, varnish cures quickly under UV so reduces production time, appears high-quality
• business cards, magazine covers, playing cards

Question 11

describe the process+ uses+ benefits of UV spot varnishing

Answer 11

• a varnish is applied to the surface of the paper then cured under UV light to dry
• applied to certain areas
• glossy/shiny/matt finish, varnish cures quickly under UV so reduces production time, appears high-quality, draws attention to spot-varnished areas
• business cards, book titles

Question 12

state finishes applied to woods/timbers

Answer 12

• paint varnish
• stain
• oil
• wax