Cutaneous Drug Eruptions Flashcards
What is an example of a Type I cutaneous drug eruption?
Anaphylaxis - Urticaria
What is an example of a Type II cutaneous drug eruption?
Blistering reaction - pemphigus + pemphigoid
What is an example of a Type III cutaneous drug eruption?
Purpura/Rash
What is an example of a Type IV cutaneous drug eruption?
Erythema/rash
What are the 2 main types of cutaneous drug eruptions?
Immunologically mediated (allergic effect) and non-immunologically mediated (adverse effect)
**What are the 2 main presentations of drug eruptions?
Exanthematous (measly-like, lots of small red lesion) or urticarial (nettle-rash) - as well as fixed and bullous/pustular (rare)
What is the onset for exanthematous drug eruptions?
4-21 days after first taking drug
What kind of reaction are exanthematous eruptions normally?
Type IV T-cell mediated
What kind of reaction are urticarial drug reactions normally?
Type I Immediate
Which drugs are associated with drug-induced bullus pemphigoid?
ACE inhibitors, penicillin, furosemide
What are fixed drug reactions?
Drug reactions that recur at the same site with each exposure to a particular medication. Can be exanthematos, urticarial, papule or vesicles
Which drugs are associated with fixed drug reactions?
Tetracyclines, paracetamol, NSAIDs, and carbamazepine
What are Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions?
Reactions which combine cutaneous and systemic symptoms
What are 4 examples of Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions?
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and System Symptoms (DRESS) and Acute Generalised Exanthematous Pustulosis (AGEP)
Which waveband is generally associated with phytotoxicity drug reactions?
UVA/visible
