Customs Flashcards
In a Roman house, what was the outdoor garden with columns called?
perstylium
In a Roman house, what was the busts of ancestors, housed in alae called?
imagines
In a Roman house, what was the atrium?
entry hallway/large meeting room
In a Roman house, what was the tablinum?
master’s office
In a Roman house, what was the basin that catches water called?
impluvium
In a Roman house, what was the entry hallway/large meeting room called?
atrium
In a Roman house, what was the hortus?
regular garden
In a Roman house, what was the master’s office called?
tablinum
In a Roman house, what was the hole in roof of atrium - allows water in called?
compluvium
In a Roman house, what was the compluvium?
hole in roof of atrium - allows water in
In a Roman house, what was the bedroom called?
cubiculum
In a Roman house, what was the culina?
kitchen
In a Roman house, what was the perstylium?
outdoor garden with columns
In a Roman house, what was the dining room called?
triclinium
In a Roman house, what was the imagines?
busts of ancestors, housed in alae
In a Roman house, what was the regular garden called?
hortus
In a Roman house, what was the wings off atrium called?
alae
In a Roman house, what was the impluvium?
basin that catches water
In a Roman house, what was the triclinium?
dining room
In a Roman house, what was the kitchen called?
culina
In a Roman house, what was the alae?
wings off atrium
In a Roman house, what was the cubiculum?
bedroom
Give two names the Romans would have called the Baths.
Thermae/Balneae
In a Roman Bath, what was the scraper called?
strigil
In a Roman Bath, what was the palaestra?
exercise area
In a Roman Bath, what was the caldarium?
hot bath
In a Roman Bath, what was the strigil?
scraper
In a Roman Bath, what was the unctorium?
scraping room/massage
In a Roman Bath, what was the dressing room called?
apodyterium
In a Roman Bath, what was the scraping room/massage called?
unctorium
In a Roman Bath, what was the apodyterium?
dressing room
In a Roman Bath, what was the cold bath called?
frigidarium
In a Roman Bath, what was the exercise area called?
palaestra
In a Roman Bath, what was the frigidarium?
cold bath
In a Roman Bath, what was the hot bath called?
caldarium
In a Roman Bath, what was the hypocausta?
furnace
In a Roman Bath, what was the furnace called?
hypocausta
In a Roman Circus, what was the number of laps in a usual race?
seven
In a Roman Arena, what was the editor munerum?
giver of games.
In a Roman Circus, where was the Circus Maximus located?
between the Palatine and Aventine hills
In a Roman Arena, what was the rudis?
wooden sword given to gladiators on their retirement.
In a Roman Circus, what was the successfully completed lap called?
curriculum
In a Roman Arena, what was the Essedarii?
rode chariots with 2 horses.
In a Roman Arena, what was the giver of games called?
editor munerum
In a Roman Circus, what was the auriga?
charioteer
In a Roman Circus, how many could be held in the Circus Maximus?
250,000
In a Roman Circus, what was term used for the “chariot races”?
ludi circenses
In a Roman Circus, what was the biga?
two-horse chariot
In a Roman Arena, who were the Myrmillones?
gladiators who fought with helmet, oblong shield, sword, fish crest on helmet. Usually fought the retiarius or Thracians.
When were gladiator fights brought to Rome?
264 BC
In a Roman Circus, what was the carceres?
starting gates
In a Roman Circus, what was the eggs and dolphins (wood and bronze) used as lap counters called?
ova et delphines
In a Roman Arena, what was the mock naval battles – they flooded the arena called?
naumachiae
In a Roman Arena, what was the gladiator trainer called?
lanista
In a Roman Arena, what was the hunts where Bestiarii fought wild beasts called?
venationes
In a Roman Arena, what was the premere pollicem?
to press the thumb against the forefinger – crowd wants to spare gladiators life.
In a Roman Arena, what was the Retiarii?
lightly clad, armed with a net and trident. Usually fought Myrmillones or Secutores.
In a Roman Arena, what was the venationes?
hunts where Bestiarii fought wild beasts.
In a Roman Arena, who were the Samnites?
gladiators armed with an oblong shield, visored helmet, and sword.
In a Roman Arena, who were the Thracians?
gladiators who fought with a small round shield and a curved scimitar.
In a Roman Arena, what was the lanista?
gladiator trainer.
In a Roman Circus, what was the mappa?
white cloth dropped to start race
In a Roman Circus, what was the curriculum?
successfully completed lap
In a Roman Arena, what was the arena/harena?
sand put down to absorb the blood from a gladiator match.
In a Roman Arena, who were Bestiarii?
hunters who fought wild beasts.
In a Roman Circus, what were ova et delphines?
eggs and dolphins (wood and bronze) used as lap counters
In a Roman Circus, what was the four-horse chariot called?
quadriga
In a Roman Circus, what was the metae?
turning posts
In a Roman Circus, what was significant about the terms red (russata), white (albata), blue (veneta), and green (prasina)?
they were the colors of the factiones
In a Roman Circus, what was the ludi circenses?
chariot races
In a Roman Arena, who were the Secutores?
gladiators known as the “pursuers” – like Samnite but without the neck protector.
In a Roman Circus, what was the backbone around which they raced called?
spina
In a Roman Circus, what was the two-horse chariot called?
biga
In a Roman Circus, what were the starting gates called?
carceres
In a Roman Arena, what was the sand put down to absorb the blood from a gladiator match called?
arena/harena
In a Roman Circus, what was the spina?
backbone around which they raced
In a Roman Circus, which were the longest lasting factiones?
blue and green
In a Roman Arena, what was the wooden sword given to gladiators on their retirement called?
rudis
In a Roman Circus, what was the quadriga?
four-horse chariot
In a Roman Arena, what was the naumachiae?
mock naval battles – they flooded the arena.
In a Roman Arena, who were the Laquearii?
gladiators armed with lasso and a curved piece of wood.
Gadiator fights where originally only at which events
funerals
In a Roman Arena, who was the Andabata?
a gladiator that is heavily armed, but can’t see out of visored helmet.
In a Roman Circus, what was the factiones?
racing companies
In a Roman Circus, what was the turning posts called?
metae
In a Roman Circus, what was the colors of the factiones?
red (russata), white (albata), blue (veneta), green (prasina)
In a Roman Circus, what was the racing companies called?
factiones
In a Roman Arena, who were Hoplomachi?
gladiators fully-armed with a breast-plate and visored helmet.
In a Roman Arena, what was the vertere pollicem?
turning the thumb upwards or towards the chest – to signify the death stroke.
In a Roman Circus, what was the white cloth dropped to start race called?
mappa
In a Roman Circus, what was the charioteer called?
auriga
In a Roman Circus, what was the original factiones?
red and white
What was the Roman term for a women’s dress?
stola
What was a solea?
indoor sandal
What was a tunica?
like a long t-shirt
At which festival did boys give up their toga praetexta?
Liberalia
Which toga would men in mourning wear?
toga pulla
Give the Roman term for men in mourning.
sordidati
Who wore the toga praetexta?
boys under 16 and magistrates
What was a stola?
women’s dress
What was a bulla?
child’s good luck charm
What were subligaculum?
underwear
Who wore the toga libera?
men over 16
Who wore a tunica?
all
What was the Roman term for a cap of freedom?
pilleus
Who wore the toga pura?
men over 16
Who wore the toga pulla?
men in mourning
What was the Roman term for an outdoor shoe?
calceus
What was the Roman term for a women’s shawl?
palla
Who wore a toga candida?
men running for office
What was a pilleus?
cap of freedom
What was significant about the toga virilis?
all white in color
What was the Roman term for a broad-brimmed hat?
petasus
What was the Roman term for an indoor sandal?
solea
What was the Roman term for a child’s good luck charm?
bulla
What was the Roman term for underwear?
subligaculum
What was significant about the toga pura?
all white in color
What was a palla?
women’s shawl
What was significant about the toga libera?
all white in color
What was significant about the toga candida?
bright white (chalk white)
Who wore the toga virilis?
men over 16
Give the three names for the toga boys would wear after giving up their toga praetexta.
toga virilis, toga pura, and toga libera
Which toga was worn by men running for office?
toga candida
What was significant about the toga praetexta?
purple stripe
What was a calceus?
outdoor shoe
What was a petasus?
broad-brimmed hat
In the Roman Army, how many maniples made up a cohort?
Three
In the Roman Army, what was the term for 3600 men?
legion
In the Roman Army, what was the term for eagle-standard (of a legion)?
aquila
In the Roman Army, what was the term for holder of the eagle?
aquilifer
In the Roman Religion, what was the term for the chief priest?
Pontifex Maximus
In the Roman Army, what was a maniple?
120 men
In the Roman Religion, who were the Salii?
priests of Mars
In the Roman government/social structure, what were the plebians?
lower class
In the Roman Army, what was the term for javelin?
hasta
In the Roman Religion, what was the term for the shrine for Lares?
Lararium
In the Roman government/social structure, how many men were elected praetor each year?
Eight
In the Roman education, what was a ludus?
elementary school
In the Roman Army, what was a hasta?
javelin
In the Roman Marriage, what was the term for procession of wedding party to forum?
deductio
In the Roman Army, what was a dux?
general
In the Roman government/social structure, how many men were elected aedile each year?
Four
In the Roman Army, what was a gladius?
sword
In the Roman Army, what was the term for leather helmet?
galea
In the Roman Religion, what was the Lararium?
shrine for Lares
In the Roman Marriage, what was a deductio?
procession of wedding party to forum
In the Roman Army, what was the term for passwords?
tesserae
What were the insulae?
apartment buildings
In the Roman Religion, what was the auspex?
priest who checks sky for omens (birds/lightning)
In the Roman Army, how many maniples made up a legion?
Thirty
In the Roman education, what was the term for an upper school teacher?
grammaticus
In the Roman education, what was a paedagogus?
slave who carries books to school
Which sea was known to the Romans as Mare Nostrum, or “our sea”?
Mediterranean
In the Roman Army, what were tesserae?
passwords
In the Roman government/social structure, what was a patron?
patron
What was the term for the senate house?
curia
In the Roman Religion, into what three segments were a Vestal Virgin’s roles broken?
learn job for 10 years, work as Vestal for 10 years, teach for 10 years
In the Roman Army, what was a scutum?
shield
In the Roman government/social structure, which group were allowed to run for the office of tribune?
only plebeians could run
In the Roman government/social structure, how many men were elected censor every five years?
Two
In the Roman Army, what was a aquila?
eagle-standard (of a legion)
In the Roman government/social structure, what were the populares?
lower class
In the Roman Meals, what was the rex bibendi?
master of the drinking (he decides the games, etc.)
In the Roman government/social structure, what were the patricians?
highest class
In the Roman Meals, what was the term for the dessert?
secunda mensa
In the Roman government/social structure, what was the term for the cold food basket given to client when he is received by patron in his atrium?
sportula
What was the term for the Mediterranean Sea?
Mare Nostrum
In the Roman government/social structure, what position were the quaestors?
treasurers
In a Roman Name, what was the order of the names?
praenomen, nomen, cognomen, agnomen
In the Roman Meals, what was the term for the master of the drinking (he decides the games, etc.)?
rex bibendi
When would you hear the phrase “Ubi tu Gaius, ego Gaia”?
a wedding
In the Roman Army, what was a sarcina?
soldier’s cloak/blanket
In the Roman Army, what was the term for metal helmet?
cassis
In the Roman Army, what was the term for flag?
vexillum
In the Roman Meals, what was the gustatio, promulsis, or antecena?
appetizer
In the Roman Religion, what was the term for the priests of Mars?
Salii
In the Roman education, what was the term for a slave who carried books to school?
paedagogus
In the Roman Religion, what was another term for an auspex?
augur
In the Roman Army, what was a century?
60 men
In the Roman education, what was a grammaticus?
upper school teacher
What was the term for the apartment buildings?
insulae
In the Roman Army, what was the term for dagger?
pugio
In the Roman Marriage, what was a tunica recta?
white wedding dress
In the Roman Name, what was the term for the agnomen?
earned name
What was the Via Appia?
Appian Way
In the Roman Army, what was the term for spear?
pilum
List the Roman terms for the items in the picture.
papyrus, stilus, tabella
