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Fizio 2 > Curs 6- Leucocitele > Flashcards

Curs 6- Leucocitele Flashcards

1
Q

Imunitatea

A

capacitatea de aparare a organismului fata de agresori externi si structuri/celule proprii modificate, potential periculoase

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2
Q

Tes. limfatice primare-OLC

A

timus, mdv hematogena

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3
Q

Tes limf secundare -OLP

A

incapsulate (solina, ggl limf)

neincapsulate (amigdale, placi Peyer, tes limf asociat intestinului, GALT)

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4
Q

Ce contin neutrofilele

A

Depozite importante de glicogen care le permit sa functioneze in anaerobioza

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5
Q

Val norm. leucocite

A

5000-8000 /microL

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6
Q

Leucocitoze fiziologice

A

Varsta (nou-nascut)
Gravide (ultimele 2/3, cateva zile dupa nastere)
Ef. fizic intensitate
Emotii - +SNS-> creste viteza circ sg si sunt mobil leucocitele)
Postprandial

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7
Q

Leucocitoze pat. adaptative

A

infectii bacteriene acute si distructii tisulare(traumatism, arsuri, infarct…)

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8
Q

Leucocitoze pat. neadaptative

A

leucemii

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9
Q

Leucopenii

A

chemioterapie, radioterapie, infectii virale (rubeola, rujeola, gripa), infectii bacteriene (febra trifoida, bruceloza), parazitoze (malarie)

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10
Q

Granulocite

A

Neutrofile 60-65%
Eozinofile 1-3%
Bazofile 0.15-0.5%

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11
Q

Agranulocite

A

Limfocite 25-35%

Monocite 4-8%

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12
Q

Neutrofilie

A

infectii bacteriene acute

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13
Q

Enzime - eozinofile

A

Peroxidaza
proteina bazica majora (distruge larvele parazitilor)
arilsulfataza B (inactivarea leucotrienelor elib de mastocite)

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14
Q

Eozinofilie

A

reactii alergice si parazitare

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15
Q

Eozinopenie

A

ACTH/glucocorticoizi

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16
Q

Granulatii Bazofile

A

histamina, heparina, bradikinina, serotonina, enzime proteolitice, slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis, factor chemotactic pentru eozinofile

17
Q

Cresterea nr de bazofile

A

mixedem, infectii virale (varicela), mieloleucoza

18
Q

Scaderea nr de bazofile

A

ACTH/glucocortic/h tir.

19
Q

Neutrofilele si macrofagele -rolul lor ca fagocite

A

Neutrofilele- fazele acute ale infectiei

Macrofagele - infectiile cronice

20
Q

Cresterea nr de monocite

A

infectii virale, mononucleoza infectioasa, tuberculoza, endocadita bacteriana subacuta

21
Q

Scaderea nr de monocite

A

glucocortic

22
Q

Limfocitoza

A

infectii cronice, tuberculoza, sifilis, dupa transplant de organe

23
Q

Limfopenie

A

Glucocortic

24
Q

Propr. granulocitelor

A

Marginatie, diapedeza, mobilitate, fagocitoza

25
Q

Rol sistemul imun

A

are rolul esenţial de a diferenţia structurile self de cele non-self, identificând astfel agenţii patogeni, de a iniţia și susţine comunicarea ȋntre celulele imune, de a recruta efectorii și de a coordona răspunsul imun și, ȋn final, de a distruge/neutraliza agentul patogen.

26
Q

Chemotactanti

A

derivati din bacterii, prod aparuti ca urmare a activ. complementului, sau secretati de celule activate inclusiv leucocite)

27
Q

In ce stare sunt neutrofilele in circulatie

A

repaus

28
Q

Eozinofile localizare

A

tesuturi de la intrarea in organism - muc int, plamani

29
Q

Mastocitele si localizare

A

asem bazofilelor

in jurul vaselo sg, in organe bogate in tes conj (piele, plm, tb dig, prostata, gl mamara)

30
Q

Degranularea bazofilelor si mastocitelor

A

in prezenta complx Ag-Ac, mai ales cand Ac sunt IgE
eliberarea continutului din granulatii:
histamina-> vasodilat si cresterea permeab capilare
fact. chemotactic pt eozinofile -> aflux local de eozinofile

31
Q

Monocite-enzime

A

proteolitice: peroxidaza si esteraza

lipolitice

32
Q

Marginatia

A

leucocitele se dispun in vecinatatea endoteliului in vasele de calbru mic
L-selectine (leuco) - P,E-selectine (cel endot) => contacte laxe, reversibile, rostogolire

33
Q

Diapedeza

A

prop celulelor seriei albe de a traversa peretele vascular in zona capilarelor si a venulelor postcapilare (miscari ameboidale)

34
Q

Motilitatea

A

prop. granulocitelor de a se deplasa cu ajutorul pseudopodelor

35
Q

Efect chemotactic pe motilitate

A

bacterii, prod de degradare, modif de pH, complexe Ag-Ac, fractiunile 3a si 5a ale complementului, continutul gran bazofile, anumiti fact ai coag

36
Q

MLCK

A

kinaza care activeaza contractilitatea actino-miozinei a leucocitului => aderarea de componente din subst fundamentala a tesutului =? tararea intregului corp celular spre zona de aderenta

37
Q

Fagocitoza

A

prop. de a ingloba si degrada subst solide, straine organismului

38
Q

Opsonizare

A

acoperirea cu fragmene din complement, C3b sau cu IgG a bacterilor pentru a putea fi fagocitate

39
Q

Etapele fagocitozei

A

Aderare, fagozom, fagolizozom, degranulare, degradare, eliminarea rezidurilor

Fizio 2 (6 decks)

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