Culture And Spirituality

Question 1

What is culture

Answer 1

Learned, shared experiences

• Customs, values, beliefs, activity patterns
• Behavior standards and expectations (norms)
• Group and individual occupational behavior
• Embedded in society to which one belongs

Question 2

Culture is….

Answer 2

• Culture is real, but not tangible
• Culture is learned, not innate
• Culture is expressed by individuals, but shared by society
• Culture is dynamic and changing, but not quickly
• Culture shapes values and value systems
• Culture is “invisible” or taken for granted

Question 3

Culture is different but related to…

Answer 3

• Race (physical attributes)
• Ethnicity (national origin, social grouping)
• Religion
• Language
• Sexual orientation

Question 4

Examples of cultural archives

Answer 4

Morals

• Art
• Law
• Customs
• Values
• Speech patterns

Interaction

• Economic
• Goals

Question 5

Multiculturalism
◦Cultural Awareness
◦Cultural Sensitivity
◦Culture Specific
◦Culture Universal

Answer 5

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Question 6

Cultural Aware ness

Answer 6

.

Question 7

Cultural Sensitivity

Answer 7

.

Question 8

Culture Specific

Answer 8

.

Question 9

Culture Universal

Answer 9

.

Question 10

Cultural Competence

Answer 10

.

Question 11

Myth

Answer 11

.

Question 12

Stereotypes

Answer 12

.

Question 13

Xenophobia

Answer 13

.

Question 14

Prejudice

Answer 14

.

Question 15

Discrimination

Answer 15

.

Question 16

Ethnocentrism

Answer 16

.

Question 17

Attitudes

Answer 17

.

Question 18

Beliefs

Answer 18

.

Question 19

Ideology

Answer 19

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Question 20

Cultural influences

Answer 20

• Individual
• Family
• Community
• Regional

Question 21

Cultural filters

Answer 21

People perceive culture through their own life’s experiences.

• Filters of therapist must also be considered
• Potential biases may arise
• Most importantly – the two cultural filters need to be negotiated.

Question 22

Why should OT practitioners be culturally competent?

Answer 22

• Accurate assessment and evaluation
• Individualized therapy process
• Collaboration with client
• Provide equitable services, avoid bias
• Refine OT theory

Question 23

Cross-cultural issues in OT

Answer 23

•Beliefs about health and illness
◦Biomedical model
◦Folk practices

•Gender and family structure
◦Collectivist vs. individualistic society

•Touch and space
◦High or low touch
◦Proxemics

Question 24

Consequences of dismissing cultural factors in OT

Answer 24

• Difficulty in establishing rapport
• Communication problems
• Different goals and priorities
• Noncompliance
• Dissatisfaction
• Ill feelings towards patient and/or cultural group
• Noncompliant family members

Question 25

Spirituality

Answer 25

Deep experience of meaning”

• Depend on personal values and beliefs
• My be related to expression of religion
• Enacted through occupation
• Relies on reflection and intention

Question 26

Integrating spirituality into OT

Answer 26

Diversity in society makes this problematic for some

• Consider how spirituality influences practitioner; how personal beliefs influence therapy process
• Recognition worth and efficacy of all clients, acknowledge their spiritual needs