Culture and Identity theorists Flashcards
How do Functionalists see culture?
Structures of society are set up to allow society to run as smoothly as possible
- Individuals internalise norms and values - they become part of who they are
- the result is a consensus, which means everyone sharing the same norms and values
- helps socialise people into appropriate behaviour
What’s Durkheims view on culture?
Social glue
It bonds people together by creating shared interest and purposes
What is Postmodernist view on culture?
Functionalists say that it is one shared culture , but PMs say that culture is increasingly diverse
Rejects the idea that culture helps to unify people in society
What does Hall say about culture? (PMS)
People can construct their identity from a range of different cultures
What is the Interactionist view on culture?
Individuals can choose how to behave and aren’t simply responding to social forces
What is the Feminist view of culture?
Pop culture stereotypes women in roles
these roles are reinforced in society
What study did radical feminists conduct?
They did a study into pornography which suggests that the images of women in pop culture and encouraging justifying violence against women
What do functionalists think about socialisation?
Socialisation creates a consensus, which is shared set of norms an values
What’s Parsons view on primary socialisation? ( FUNCT)
Nuclear family is key to the primary socialisation of children - Parents shape a child’s personality
As a result children feel like they belong in society and subsribe to its cultural consensus
What is the Marxist view on socialisation?
Institutions of the family, education and religion are used to socialise the WC into acceptance f their exploitation
SEE SOCIALISATION AS A FORM OF INDOCRINATION
What view do feminists take on socialisation?
Socialisation of children is designed to pass on the ideals of the patriarchy
What is the feminists sociologists Oakley’s view on socialisation?
Parents socialise their children to conform to patriarchal ideas by praising the for behaving in supposedly gender appropriate ways - they might direct chidlren towards toys associated with their gender
What is the Liberal feminists view on socialisation?
To create gender equality we to change the way children are being socialised
What’s Mead’s theory - ‘the looking glass self’
As children grow up they learn to develop a sense of themselves and the qualities they have that make them different to others
As they interact with others, they begin to develop ideas about how others see them no by seeing how others see response tot hem, they may modify their self concept and sense of identity and begin to see themselves as others see them.
PMS theory on socialisation?
They a big on personal choice
People can resist socialisation
How do structuralists view socialisation?
We are puppets and programmed robots, who are socialised and manipulated by social institutions.
Labelling Theory?
Other people see and judge u automatically influences who you are.
SELF FULFILLING PROPHECY
Becker sub view in labelling theory?
People who are labelled as deviant become outsiders and their deviant label becomes their main source of identity
What does Gillbourn state about ethnic identities?
African - Caribbean students are labelled as a problem by teachers, this can lead to SELF FULFILLING PROPHECY, where pupils form anti schools subcultures
Which sociologists cam up with he definition for stigmatised identities?
Goffman
According to Oakley what are the 4 processes of socialisation?
Manipulation: Boys an girls are encouraged to adopt different behaviour
Canalisation: boys and girls are directed towards different toys
Verbal appellations: boys and girls are exposed to different language and praised for different things
Different activity exposure: boys and girls are encouraged to peruse different activities.
What does Hall say about ethnic identities?
They are becoming harder to identify, with globalisation and disposals merging cultures and creating new ethnicities
Which sociologist explains the stereotypes of disabltity?
Barnes
