Culture and Gender

Question 1

Social Approach

Answer 1

Gender - Not important
* - Eg milgram - results - both genders 65% obedience
* - Therefore gender not important in determining behaviour eg lvls of O, as milgram found no gender difference

Gender - does influnece
* - Eg burger replicated milgram and found 73% females and 65% males
* - Therefore gender is an aspect in determinig behaviour eg O as there may be diff in gender eg higher empathy in women which influences higher rates of O

Culture - does influence
* - Eg Guimond 2013 sugg cultures that are more multicultural showed less P in relations between groups
* - Therefore important aspect in P as multicultural countries support diversity and therefore behave less P towards others

Culture - doesn’t
* - Eg authoritarian personality theory sugg certain personality traits that cause P are innate rthaer then being influenced by culture
* Therefore biological basis for P where

Question 2

Clinical Approach

Answer 2

Gender - does
* - Eg AN is 90% found females and 10% AN are males
* - Therefore gender important behaviour eg AN as females are influenced by other female role models in the media more then males as there is more societal pressures on female slimness

Gender - doesn’t
* - This gender diff is becoming less sig as incidence of males with AN are rising eg in homosexual men.
* - Similarly males have a tendency to report symp or to seek help in comparison to females
* - Therefore there not gender diff in behaviour eg an but only diff in diagnosis, sugg gender is not an important aspect

Culture - does
* - Eg cochrane 1977 reported incidence of SZ in west indies and britain to be similar 1% but in those A-C origin 7x more likely to be diagnosed with SZ
* - Therefore those living in britain may experience more stress living in a culturally diff place = increased prevalence among those groups

Culture - doesn’t
* - Misdiagnosis being made due to cultural bias - why A-C higher prevalence SZ diagnosis as they eg express symp diff to clinicians
* Therefore SZ equal prevalence across cultures and its not actually culture influencing the behaviour but misdiagnosis is what is causing a cultural difference in the prevalence of SZ

Question 3

Learning Approach

Answer 3

Gender - does
* - Eg bandura looked at SLT and found that boys showed physical agg and girls verbal and social agg
* - Therefore gender important when concidering behaviour eg agg as diff gender may imitate behaviour diff due to having diff role models, causing gender diff in O

Gender - doesn’t
* - Diff in diff cultures - males show agg in some cultures are rewarded and its culturally expected and respected. In others physical agg not tolerated and so males show higher social agg as its less obvious and more socially acceptable
* - Therefore culture affects extent to ehich gender diff may influence behaviour eg agg, based on accepted standards and expectations for how digff genders should behave
*
Culture - does
* - Eg Mumford found heightened lvls of AN among arab and Asian women who moved to western cultures
* Therefore culture important as media emphasis on dieting and female slimness is not found in their countries of origin and that cultural pressures from the media are then to blame