Culture Flashcards
What does Castells (2008) argue about conflict and change?
The digital age has moved away from expressing social and political concerns through government, political parties, trade unions and religions instead of using non - hierarchical and non - bureaucratic digital networks creating a civic society linked by common interests and collective action through clicktivism on Facebook, Twitter and change.org through movements like black lives matter
What did Keen (2007) find?
They were critical of the idea that digital platforms have the power to change the world politically as it is too chaotically organised to bring about change. Facebook and blogging sites are seen as merely vehicles for shameless self - promotion
What happened during the 2019 pro - democracy demonstrations in Hong Kong?
It led to China labelling them as cockroaches as members of ISIS through jihadists and propaganda
What is religious fundamentalism?
It refers to the parallels between the rise of the internet and terrorist groups
How did Kirkpatrick (2010) record the Facebook effect?
It mobilised 10 million people to take part in street demonstrations for peace. This is because Facebook, allows instant communication, attraction from large audiences, freedom of speech through anonymity and giving a voice to the powerless
What did Hall (1996) argue about the 3 consequences of the process of globalisation?
- Cultural homogenisation: Local identities are eroded often by American culture
- Cultural resistance: Local and national identities are strengthened by active efforts to resist globalisation
- Cultural hybridity: National identities changing as they take on aspects of other cultures similar to the concept of glocalisation
Concepts about cultural homogenisation
- Global village
- Ritzer
- Dominated by capitalist, patriarchal, consumerist, secular and individualist ideology
How has France tried to culturally defend themselves?
It has introduced quotas through state control on the number of foreign entertainment platforms through legal and financial penalties in order to focus on promoting local creators through recognition and financial reward to maintain competition
How has China tried to culturally defend themselves?
It has integrated internet censorship known as the great firewall of China as democracy is banned on popular search engines and American/British news companies like Twitter, Facebook and the BBC are limited. This is maintained by the government who can track online activity as the cyber police
What does Mckay (2012) believe?
Filipinos living and working in London used social media networking sited to isolate themselves from the individualism of London as they can connect with friends from the Philippines who align with their cultural norms
What is culturalsurvival.org?
It documents the diverse rage of ways in which indigenous tribes and isolated communities are starting to use digital technology to gain a voice that can help defend their culture from exploitation by corporate interests and other threats
What does Giddens (1991) argue?
The process of reverse colonialisation where Western powers dominating less powerful cultural groups is being reversed. This can be seen through Southern states like Arizona adopting Mexican food, dress and music
What is glocalisation?
It is the process by which local cultural products and practices are combined with global ones to produce unique cultural forms or hybrids
What does Miller (2016) believe about glocalisation?
It can e shown through Facebook as in Trinidad, it purposefully mirrors the culture as it is called Fasbook or Macrobook meaning being nosy and wanting to know people’s business quickly through usually getting to know the other sex bet getting involved in their lives
