Cultural Geography Unit 3 Flashcards
APHG Unit 3
Culture
All of a group’s learned behaviors, actions, beliefs, and objects. The things that make up our daily lives.
Cultural Traits
Building blocks of a culture developed through communication (aka when behaviors, beliefs, or customs are shared.
Cultural Complex
Compilation of various interrelated traits.
Material Culture
Made up of things that people make and give value to.
Non-Material Culture
Made up of the ideas of a society.
Examples of material Culture are…
Clothing, buildings, technology, food
Examples of non-material culture are…
Language, religion, political organizations, customs of traditions.
Folk Culture
- Beliefs and practices of small homogenous societies.
- Often living in rural areas that are isolated and change slowly.
- Diverse ways people have adapted to physical environments.
- Preserves traditions.
Popular Culture
- Beliefs and practices of large, heterogeneous societies.
- Shared habits despite differences in other personal characteristics
- Tends to promote uniformity in beliefs, values, and the cultural landscape in many places.
- Emphasizes trying what is new, trendy.
Cultural Revelation
Evaluating a culture by its own standards using apathy and seeking to understand the culture for what it is.
Ethnocentrism
Evaluating a culture through the lens of one’s own culture.
Cultural Hearths
Areas typically historic, which a unique culture of specific trait develops… it is where everything begins.
What is a “norm”?
Something that is standard and accepted and expected.
Cultural Landscape
Combination of cultural, economic, and natural elements that make up any landscape.
Place making is…
The process in which a community or cultural group gets together to plan a public place.
Language contribute to sense of Place by…
Influencing communication, expressions, greetings, slang words, different dialects.
Ethnicity/Cultural Background contribute to sense of Place by…
Ethnic enclaves, demand for certain goods/services, holidays, celebrations, traditional trades.
Religion contributes to sense of Place by…
usually seen in architecture, sequent occupance, shapes the values of places.
Nationalism contributes to the sense of Place by…
Pride in one’s country, patriotic, national anthem, pledge of allegiance, flag
Centripetal forces
Forces that pull people together, AKA unifying.
Centrifugal forces
Forces that pull people away, AKA breaking groups apart.
Example of centripetal forces
Nationalism, religion, language, productive economy and strong leadership, external threats.
Examples of centrifugal forces
Religion, language, ethnic of racial differences, political corruption and faulty economy.
Religion
An organized system for beliefs, ceremonies, practices and worship that focus on the deepest of life’s mysteries.
Ethnicity
Membership in a group of people who share characteristics such as ancestry, language, customs, history and common experiences.
Race
Identity with a group of people who are perceived to share a physiological trait.
Racism
The belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race.
Cultural Diffusion
The spreading of information, ideas, behaviors, and other cultural traits.
Relocation Diffusion
Culture spreads where people move. And people bring their culture with them where they move to.
Expansion Diffusion (4 types)
Culture spreads without people migrating
Hierarchical Diffusion
The spread of an idea from a node to other people/places (often from those in power)
ex: phone
Reverse Hierarchical Diffusion
Spreading from lower class to higher class or rural to urban.
ex: Walmart, tattoos
Stimulus Diffusion
Spread of underlying principles even though characteristic itself doesn’t diffuse.
ex: fast food
Contagious Diffusion
Rapid and widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout a population.
ex: TikTok dances
Acculturation
Ethnic groups moving to new areas to adopt values of the larger group while maintaining their own culture.
Assimilation
An ethnic group becomes similar to the group they are joining and most defining features can no longer be distinguished.
Multiculturalism
The coexistence of several cultures in one society.
Nativism
Anti-immigrant attitudes that sometimes form amongst the cultural majority.
APHG LESSON 3.5 =
EXAMPLES
Globalization is…
A combination of historical Diffusion and modern diffusion
Cultural Divergence
People may start to leave their culture or abandon certain elements of it.
