CTB 7 – Evolutionary genetics of craniofacial strictures Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What is a cephalochordat?

A
  • e.g. amphioxus - marine animal
  • headless and jawless
  • filter feeder
  • primitive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a cyclostomata?

A
  • circular with primitive teeth
  • e.g. lamprey
  • primitive head and jawless
  • have neural crest cells
  • Movement – occipital and parachordal carts and arch 0 to the neurocranium to form the skull base and head to support brain and organs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the gnathostomata?

A
  • E.g. fish, amphibians, reptiles, mammals… etc
  • Jawed
  • Arch 1 transform into jaw with articulated joint- predator
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

In fish, what bone suspends the jaw?

A

Hyomandibular bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do the hyomandibular bones become in amphibians, birds and reptiles?

A

Quadrate and the articular bone – form a bone joint and enable primitive hearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What jaw movements do amphibians, birds and reptiles have?

A

Up and down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Within mammals what do the quadrate and articular bones internalise to form a part of?

A

Forming part of the middle ear – malleus and incus joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What jaw movements do mammals have?

A

Sideways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why do birds have no teeth?

A

To have less weight, so they can fly, bones are also very thin and light – no PAX 9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where is the future tooth shape determined from?

A

Primary enamel knot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What gene is suppressed in hyperdontia to stop an additional tooth row?

A

Inhibition of Bmp4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly