CSF and Lumbar Puncture Flashcards
what are the ventricles of the brain?
2x lateral
third (sits bnetween the 2 thalamic nuclei at the cnetre of the brain
fourth (connected to third via central aqueduct) lies anteriro/under cerebellum
Label this
where is CSF produced? how is it moved?
Produced by specialised cell called ependymla cell- lines walls of ventricles to form speiclasied tissue called choriod plexus- present in all of the ventricles.
pressure of CSf in enclosed space- moces from lqteral ventricles- throuhg interventricular formane—> 3rd venrircle —> cerebral aqueduct—? forth ventricle
from forth venticle flows over formane and over the whole surface of the brain
Laterla aperture (luschka) Media (aperture, central caanal
what is the function of the CSF
cushion and protect brain from impacting on skill from excessive head movement
cushioning and impact protection
how is CSf removed and replaced?
Label this
Describe the composition of the CSF
Macromolecules (proteins)
nutrients (sugar ,AA)
waste products (urea and lactic acid)
electrolytes (sodium ions, potassium ions and chloride ions)
Abnormal levels indicate disease
by looking at CSF we can detect
Alzhieerms/parkinsons——>
Autoimmune Ms——->
Cancer of brain and SC —–>
a/P——> abnromal protein depsoitis in the brain- high levels of these protein in CSF
Ms—> high amount of white blood cells- antibodies- indicative with immune response
Cancer- malignant cells (used to trace where cancer has come from
Describe normal CSF (apearance , cluvose, protein white cells
Clear
60-80% plasma glcvuose
normal protein conc
<5 lympchotes mm3
0 polymorphs
Describe bacterial CSF (apearance , cluvose, protein white cells
cloudy
low plasma glucose
high protein
10-5,000 polymorphs (WBCs)
Describe viral CSF (apearance , cluvose, protein white cells
clear/cloudy
normal glucose (excpet mumps- unsually low glucose associated also in herpes encephalitis)
normal/raised proteins
15-1000 lymphocytes
describe Tuberculous CSF
slightly cloudy, viscuous
low glcuose
High 10-1000 lymphocytes
where in the spinal cord do we take CSf from
in the lumbar region in the cauda equina (horse tail)nerves here are sepera- has to piush nerves aside without causing damage- low risk below conus medullaris (L1/L2)
