Anti-Viral Drugs

Question 1

Describe treatment for Hepatisis C virus

Answer 1

• acute HCV watchful waiting for spontaneosu viral clearance
• if needed treat with interfon started between 3-6 montjh reduces risk of chronic HCV

chonic HCV

• Weekly Pegylated interferon A (IFN-A)
  
  • nonspecific antivirla state established- inhbitsi replication
• daily oral dose of Oral Ribavirin

Question 2

describe Treatment for HBV

Answer 2

• acute Hep B- no treattment- supportive, monitor for chronic Hep B
• Chronic Hpe B
  • oral antiviral
    
    • tenofovir
    • Entecavir
      
      • inhbit DNA polyymerase of HBV
  • pegylated interfon A

Question 3

Describe treatment of human papilloma virus

Question 4

descirbe treatment of cold sores, gential herpes and viral encephaltitis (herpes simplex virus )

Answer 4

Acicolvir and Valaiclovir

Question 5

Treatment of VZV (varicella zoster virus) (herpes family)?

Answer 5

children dont need treatment normally

adults have severe disease - varicella and zotsta need treatment within 24 hours of rash osnet

Aciclovir

Valaciclocvir

Question 6

Describe the Pharmacology of Aciclovir

Answer 6

inacitve in unkodified form

acitvated by viral enzyme- thymidine kinase

so onyl active in infected cells

fever side efects

inhbits viral polymerase so cannot replicate

Question 7

describt the pharmaoclogy ofn Valaciclovir? why is it prescribed less than Aciclovir

Answer 7

Alternative to acciclovir

prodrug of Aciclovir

better oral bioavailablilty converted to Aciclovir after gut absiprtion

More expensive

Question 8

describe treatment of CMV and said drugs pharmacology- side effects

Answer 8

Ganciclovir

inhibit viral DNA polymerase

more toxic than aciclvoir but same mechanism of action

myelosuppreive and nephrotoxic

Question 9

describe treatment of influenza and which groups may require it? (at risk groups)

Answer 9

Oral Oseltamivir (tamiflu) (neuraminindase inhbitor- prevnt sexit from cell)

or

Zanamivir (relenza)

at risk groups- over 65, pregnant owmen, 2 weeks postpartum, other medical conditions

Question 10

what is the biggest cause of Bronchiolitis in children under age of 1 and how do we treat it?

Answer 10

RSV- repsiratory syncytial viirus

Ribavirin

little evidence it works- only used in severely ill