CSD343 Quiz 2

Question 1

What are the different types of vertebrae

Answer 1

Cervical (7)
Thoracic (12)
Lumbar (5)
Sacrum (5, fused)
Coccyx (4, fused)

Question 2

What is considered the true vertebrae?

Answer 2

Cervical, Thoracic and Lumbar

Question 3

What is articulation process?

Answer 3

Where a connection is made with another vertebrae

Question 4

How do ribs attach to the sternum?

Answer 4

Costal Cartilage

Question 5

What are the names of the three sternal bones?

Answer 5

Manubrium
Corpus (AKA Meseosternum)
Xiphoid process

Question 6

What is the anterior motion of the ribs during superoanterior?

Answer 6

up and forward

Question 7

What is the anterior motion of the ribs during inferoposterior

Answer 7

Down and back

Question 8

What is the lateral motion of the ribs during inferomedial

Answer 8

down and toward midline

Question 9

What is the lateral motion of the ribs during superolateral

Answer 9

up and to the side

Question 10

What are the bones that comprise the shoulder griddle?

Answer 10

Clavicle and Scapula

Question 11

What are the characteristics of fiborus joints

Answer 11

Skull and immovable (fontanel)

Question 12

What is craniosynostosis?

Answer 12

A congenital deformity of the skull that results from premature closure of the sutures/fibrous joints between the cranial bones

Question 13

What are the characteristics of Cartilaginous joints?

Answer 13

slight movement allowed
a type of joint in which the opposed bony surfaces are firmly united by a plate of fibrocartilage

Question 14

What are the characteristics of synovial joints?

Answer 14

Joint is enclosed, the ends of the articulating bones are covered by hyaline cartilage and separated by synovial fluid

Question 15

How does arthritis damages joints?

Answer 15

the hard, slippery tissue that covers the end of bones where they form a joint- break down. Causing bone on bone

Question 16

How does the diephragm work?

Answer 16

The diaphragm is the most important single muscle used for breathing. Domed shaped and slightly higher on the right side than left.

Question 17

What is resting expiratory level?(REL)

Answer 17

Resting state before any movement before taking another breath

Question 18

What does the diaphragm seperate

Answer 18

Separates the thoracic and abdominal cavity

Question 19

What is the cartilage between the vertebrae called

Answer 19

Fibrocartilage

Question 20

What are the attachments and general functions of the rectus abdominanis?

Answer 20

slide 60 on muscles of respiration

Question 21

What is the function of the vertebral column?

Answer 21

Support: Helps keep the body upright and balanced.
Protection: Shields the spinal cord from injury.
Movement: Provides flexibility and range of motion through various vertebrae and joints.
Attachment: Provides attachment points for ribs and muscles that aid in respiration.

Question 22

What is the difference between motor units and motor pools?

Answer 22

A motor unit is a motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it controls.
A motor pool is is a group of motor neurons that control a single muscle.

Question 23

What is the basic function of prime movers?

Answer 23

These are the main muscles responsible for performing a movement. They generate most of the force.

Question 24

What is the basic function of antagonists muscles?

Answer 24

These muscles work opposite to the prime movers. They help control the movement and return the body part to its original position.

Question 25

What is the basic function of synergistic muscles?

Answer 25

These muscles assist the prime mover in performing a movement by stabilizing the joint or adding extra force.

Question 26

Where are the parts of the vertebral column?

Answer 26

Cervical : Neck region.
Thoracic : Upper back; ribs attach to these.
Lumbar : Lower back; supports most of the body’s weight.
Sacrum: fused vertebrae connecting the spine to the pelvic girdle.
Coccyx: The tailbone, small.

Question 27

Where are the attachment points of the diaphragm?

Answer 27

Sternal Portion
Costal Portion
Lumbar Portion

Question 28

What is the difference between high and low innervation in muscles

Answer 28

Highly Innervated Muscles: These muscles have one motor neuron controlling just a few muscle fibers. This allows for fine, precise control over movements.
Low Innervation Muscles: These muscles have one motor neuron controlling many muscle fibers. This leads to stronger but less precise movements.