csd final Flashcards
language impairments can be described as
developmental, acquired, delayed, disordered, or due to immaturity
3 months
responds vocally to partner
8 months
begins gesturing
2 years
begins adding bound morphemes
4 years
begins to change style of talking to fit partner
5 years
90% of language formed
12 months
1st words spoken
18 months
begins combining words on the basis of word order rules
3 years
uses more adult-like sentence structure, mlu = 3.0-3.3
6 years
begins to learn visual mode of communicating with reading and writing
adolescence
able to participate fully in conversations and telling narratives
CCC
certificate of clinical competency
EBP
evidence based practice:
ASHA
american speech language and hearing association
3 parts of the vocal tract
a person is considered deaf with a hearing loss at
90 db
what separates the outer & middle ear
tympanic membrane
presbycusis
conductive hearing loss
caused by damage to the outer or middle ear
sensorinueral hearing loss
problems with inner ear and/or auditory nerve
PE tubes
infants are screened for hearing loss and other disabilities
shortly after birth, before leaving the hospital
OAE & ABR
infant screening instruments
BAHA
utilizing bone conduction to hear;
segmenting & blending
skills essential for decoding
phonemic awareness
what % of stuttering is genetic
60-70
what % of stuttering is cured through spontaneous recovery
70-80
strategies that may enhance fluency
speaking to a pet, using a different dialect, choral speaking
lidcombe program
for pre school age children: The Lidcombe Program has two stages.
During Stage 1, the parent conducts the treatment each day and the parent and child attend the speech
clinic once a week. This continues until stuttering either is gone or reaches an extremely low level. Stage 2 of the program – or maintenance starts at this time and lasts around a year. The aim of Stage 2 is to keep stuttering from returning. The use of parent feedback during Stage 2 is reduced, as is the number of clinic visits, providing that stuttering remains at the low level it was at the start of Stage 2. This maintenance part of the program is essential because it is well known that stuttering may reappear after a successful treatment. All children and families are different, and the speech-language pathologist takes this into account when supervising the treatment. While the essential features of the treatment as set out in the Lidcombe Program treatment guide are always included, the way they are implemented is adjusted to suit each child and family.
how many phonemes in the phonemic alphabet
43
variation of phonemes
allophones
place
labiodental, bilabial, alveolar
dipthong
2 vowels said in close proximity
pay for play
cluster reduction
doe for go
backing
articulation error
phonological process
speech sound errors that reveal a pattern or learned rule and are considered more language based
ability to produce all consonant sounds
7-8 years old
speech intellegibility
the % of words you can understand in a client’s speech
speech sound disorders are more common in
boys than girls
/t/ & /k/ and /d/ & /g/ are
cognates
complexity approach
begins with the most complex sounds
rhyming and syllable counting are what skill
phonological awareness
PWS
person who stutters
synapse
space between neurons
in most individuals language is processed
in the left hemisphere
severity of aphasia is related to
little brain
cerebellum
maximum sponatneous recovery after a stroke
3 months
inflammation of the vocal folds
laryngitis
slp must involve a doctor before they
see a client for voice therapy
aphonia
loss of ability to produce sound
PNS
12 pairs of cranial nerves, 31 pairs of spinal nerves
muscles weak and reduced in tone are generally found in
flaccid dysarthria
fasciculations
visible, isolated twitches in resting muscles
the most common involuntary movement that involves rhythmic movement of a body part
tremor
rapid patterned movements, associated with Tourette’s
tics
chorea
rapid & unpredicatble movement, greek “to dance”
22 spinal nerves
responsible for breathing & speech production
nerve
a collection of neurons
brain
cerebellum, cerebrum, brain stem
secondary stuttering behaviors
tapping a foot, blinking, etc. the stutterer believes it helps them speak more fluently.
core stuttering behaviors
sociolinguistics
the study of how factors like cultural identity, setting, and participants affect communication.
phonetic rules
specify how sounds may be arranged in words
congential/acquired
from birth/at birth - later in life
developmental disfluency
lack of language fluency during early childhood years; repeating words, false starts, revising utterances
stuttering
hesitations, repetitions, prolongations, accompanied by excessive tension/struggle/fear
prevelence
the number of people within a specified population who have a particular condition/disorder at a given point in time
incidence
refers to the number of new cases of a disease/disorder in a particular time period
CP cerebral palsy
hetereogenous group of non progressive permanent disorders of movement & postural development, a congenital disorder that causes dysarthria in children
Spastic CP
spasticity, increased muscle tone in opposing muscle groups, exaggerated stretch reflex, jerky, labored, and slow movements. infantile, reflex pattens. 60%
athetoid CP
slow, involuntary writhing. disorganized and uncoordinated volitional movement, movements occur accompanying volitional movement 30%
ataxic CP
uncoordinated movement, poor balance, movements lack direction/force/control 10%
