Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

msk > Crystal Arthopathy > Flashcards

Crystal Arthopathy Flashcards

1
Q

What is tophus?

A

Massive accumulation of uric acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are purines metabolised to?

A

Hypoxanthine, xanthine, plasma urate and then finally uric acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is uric acid the metabolic product of?

A

Purines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What may cause overproduction of uric acid?

A 
Malignancy
Severe exfoliative psoriasis
Ethanol
Cytotoxic drugs
Inborn metabolic errors
HGPRT deficiency
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why does alcohol result in hyperuricaemia?

A

Alcohol raises lactic acid level which inhibits uric acid secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What may cause under excretion of uric acid?

A 
Renal impairment
Hypertension
Hypothyroidism
Alcohol
Low dose aspirin
Diuretics
Cyclosporin
Exercise, starvation, dehydration
Lead poisoning
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Deficiency in which enzyme is assoictaed with Lesch Nyan syndrome?

A

HGPRT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are some common features of Lesch Nyan syndrome?

A 
Intellectual disability
Agressive
Impulsive
Self mutilation
Gout
Renal disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do we manage an acute flare of gout?

A

NSAIDs
Colchicine
Steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is allopurinol?

A

Xanthine oxidase inhibitor

Used to lower uric acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are some general rules when lowering uric acid levels?

A

Wait until the acute attack has settled before attempting to reduce the urate level
Use prophylactic NSAIDs or low dose colchicine/steroids until urate level normal
Adjust allopurinol dose according to renal function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where does pseudogout usually occur?

A

Knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which patient are most affected by pseudogout?

A

Elderly females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What may trigger pseudogout?

A

Trauma

Intercurrent illness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is pseudogout managed?

A

NSAIDs

Steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which other condition is closely associated with polymyalgia rheumatica?

A

GCA

Giant Cell Arteritis

17
Q

How does polymyalgia rheumatica present?

A 
Sudden onset shoulder and pelvic girdle stiffness
Older
More common with females
ESR >45
Anaemia
Depression
Arthralgia
18
Q

How is polymyalgia rheumatica diagnosed?

A

Age >50
ESR >50
Dramatic steroid response
There is no specific test

19
Q

What are some differential diagnoses with polymyalgia rheumatica?

A 
Myalgic onset inflammatory joint disease
Inflammatory muscle disease
Hypo/ hyperthyroidism
Bilateral shoulder capsulitis
Fibromyalgia
20
Q

How do we treat polymyalgia rheumatica?

A

Prednisolone 15mg per day

18-24 month course

msk (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions