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MSK > Bone and soft tissue tumours > Flashcards

Bone and soft tissue tumours Flashcards

1
Q

What is a sarcoma?

A

Malignant tumours arising from connective tissues

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2
Q

How do sarcoma spread to lungs?

A

Haematogenous spread

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3
Q

Is it more common for a tumour of the skeleton to be benign or malignant?

A

Benign

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4
Q

What are some benign bone forming tumours?

A

Osteoid osteoma

Osteoblastoma

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5
Q

What is a malignant bone forming tumour called?

A

Osteosarcoma

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6
Q

What are some benign cartilage forming tumours?

A

Enchondroma

Osteochondroma

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7
Q

What is a malignant cartilage forming tumour called?

A

Chondrosarcoma

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8
Q

What is a benign fibrous tissue called?

A

Fibroma

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9
Q

What is a malignant fibrous tissue tumour called?

A

Fibrosarcmoa

Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma (MFH)

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10
Q

List some types of benign vascular tissue tumours.

A

Haemangioma

Aneurysmal bone cyst

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11
Q

Name a malignant vascular tissue tumour.

A

Angiosarcoma

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12
Q

Name a benign adipose tissue tumour.

A

Lipoma

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13
Q

What would you call a malignant adipose tissue tumour?

A

Liposarcoma

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14
Q

List some types of malignant marrow tissue tumours.

A

Ewing’s sarcoma
Lymphoma
Myeloma

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15
Q

What is the most common primary malignant bone tumour among younger patients?

A

Osteosarcoma

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16
Q

What is the most common primary malignant bone tumour among older patients?

A

Myeloma

17
Q

What are some characteristics of a primary bone tumour history?

A

Pain
Mass
Abnormal x-rays

18
Q

What is bone tumour pain like?

A

Severe
Activity related
Progressive pain at rest and at night

19
Q

Can benign tumours cause activity related pain?

A

Yes, if they are large enough

20
Q

What characteristics of a bone tumour are examined?

A 
Location
Shape
Size
Consistency
Mobility
Tenderness
Local temperature
21
Q

What is the most useful imaging technique to see bone lesions?

A

Plain x-rays

22
Q

What happens when a lesion destroys the cortex?

A

Periosteal reactive new bone growth

23
Q

What are some things CT is good at assessing?

A

Ossification
Calcification
Nidus
Staging - primarily in lungs

24
Q

What are some things isotope bone scans are good for assessing?

A

Staging for skeletal metastases
Imaging multiple lesions
Benign tumours

25
Q

Which investigation is useful for imaging limits of disease both within and outside bones?

A

MRI

26
Q

What is a drawback of MRI imaging for a bone tumour?

A

Non-specific for benign vs malignant

MSK (26 decks)

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