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Parasitology > Cryptosporidiosis and Coccidian Diseases > Flashcards

Cryptosporidiosis and Coccidian Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Is cryptosporidium considered a coccidia?

A

NO

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2
Q

what is a zoite?

A

elongated, motile cell

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3
Q

what is an oocyst?

A

environmentally resistant stage

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4
Q

what does oocysts contain?

A

infective sporozoites, located within sporocysts

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5
Q

Are most cryptosporidium host specific or broad?

A

mostly host specific

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6
Q

what does cryptosporidium damage?

A

infect/damage mucosal epithelial cell

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7
Q

what type of life cycle does Cryptosporidium have?

A

direct

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8
Q

what type of transmission does Cryptosporidium that infect the GI tract have?

A

feecal-oral

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9
Q

what type of transmission does Cryptosporidium that infect the respiratory tract have?

A

droplet transmision

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10
Q

what is Schizogeny

A

meronts divide -> merozoites -> infect host cells -> merontsm -> repeat

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11
Q

what is gametogeny?

A

subset of merozoites infect host cells and develop into gamonts -> gametes

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12
Q

what is fertilization?

A

zygotes -> ooxysts

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13
Q

what is the sporogeny of Cryptosporidium?

A

oocysts sporulate (sporozoites develop) endogenously (inside host)

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14
Q

what is a thin-walled oocyst?

A

sporozoites excyst and reinfect host

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15
Q

what is a thick-walled oocyst?

A

infective when shed, viable for months, resists disinfectants

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16
Q

what does gastrointestinal cryptosporidiosis cause?

A

gastroentereitis

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17
Q

what is seen in most hosts infected with gastrointestinal cryptosporidiosis?

A

mild to moderate, watery, self-limited diarrhea

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18
Q

what are the hosts of C. parvum?

A

ruminants, horses

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19
Q

what are the hosts of C. baileyi?

A

poultry

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20
Q

what is a large risk of C. parvum?

A

zoonotic, transmit to humans

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21
Q

what are the primary hosts of respiratory cryptosporidiosis?

A

avian hosts

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22
Q

what cryptosporidium causes respiratory and gastrointestinal cryptosporidiosis

A

C. baileyi

23
Q

how do you diagnose Cryptosporidiosis?

A

clinical signs and…
microscopic ID of oocysts
ELISA
PCR

24
Q

what is used to treat cryptosporidiosis?

A

nirazoxanide (calves)
paraomomycin (dogs and cats)
supportive therapy (main use)

25
Q

how can cryptosporidiosis be prevented?

A

enforce strict sanitation and good management
isolate affected animals

26
Q

what does Eimeria spp. largely impact?

A

ruminants and poultry

27
Q

what do most Eimeria spp. infect?

A

GI tract - enterocytes and/or cells in lamina propria

28
Q

Are the predilection sites of Eimeria always the same?

A

no varies by species

29
Q

what type of life cycle does Eimeria have?

A

direct

30
Q

How is Eimeria transmitted?

A

fecal-oral

31
Q

what is the enteric cycle of Eimeria spp.?

A

schizogeny, gametogeny, fertilization, oocyst production

32
Q

what is the sporogony of EImeria spp.?

A

oocysts typically sporulate exogenously (outside host)

33
Q

what is the host of E. tenella?

A

chicken

34
Q

what is the host of E. bovis?

A

bovine

35
Q

how do you diagnose Eimeria induced coccidiosis?

A

clinical signs and…
microscopic ID - fecal float

36
Q

what is the treatment of Eimeria-induced coccidiosis?

A

self-limiting - spontaneous recovery w/out treatment is common
anticoccidial drugs
supportive thearpy

37
Q

what anticoccidial drug should be used to treat Eimeria-induced Coccidiosis in cattle?

A

amprolium

38
Q

what anticoccidial drug should be used to treat Eimeria-induced Coccidiosis in small ruminants?

A

amprolium

39
Q

what anticoccidial drug should be used to treat Eimeria-induced Coccidiosis in poultry?

A

amprolium

40
Q

what is the preventention/control of Eimeria-induced Coddidiosis?

A
41
Q

what type of life cycle does Cystoisospora spp.?

A

direct life cycle with fecal oral transmission + transmission via paratenic host

42
Q

what is the transmission of Cystoisospora spp.?

A

fecal-oral

43
Q

Are Cystoisospora spp. host specific?

A

strictly host specific

44
Q

what does Cystoisospora spp. infect?

A

GI tract - primary enterocytes, host cell ruptured/destroyed

45
Q

what is the Cytoisospora that infects swine?

A

C. suis

46
Q

what is the Cytoisospora that infects dogs?

A

C. canis

47
Q

what is the Cytoisospora that infects felines?

A

C. felis & C. rivolta

48
Q

what are the definitive hosts of Toxoplasma gondii?

A

felids (wild and domestic)

49
Q

How are felids typically infected with Toxoplasma gondii?

A

eating tissue cysts harbored by infected intermediate hosts

50
Q

what is the enteric cycle of Toxoplasma gondii?

A

schizogeny and gametogeny in felid enterocytes -> oocysts shed in feces

51
Q

How do oocysts sporulate for Toxoplasma gondii?

A

oocysts sporulate exogenously

52
Q

what is the consequence of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts sporulating exogenously?

A

infective to intermediate hosts and felids

53
Q
A

Parasitology (15 decks)

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