Cryptosporidiosis Flashcards
For General Diagnostics for intestinal parasite, what needs to be done for fresh stools
examined / prepped immediately
kept in fridge for molecular/antigen work
If stool is firm, what does it mean?
High Cysts / eggs count
Asymptomatic
Loose Stools means what?
High Troph count = less likely to survive in environment
For morphology of eggs/cysts what preservation techniques need to be done? Why not protozoa trophozoites?
10% formalin
What does 10% formalin allow further procedure?
Concentration procedure
Fluroescence microscope
acid fast stain
ELISA
if molecular work is needed what preservation technique is needed? why?
polyvinyl-alcohol
doest destro dna like formalin
what does polyvinyl alcohol allow the visualisation of?
What does it not allow?
Trophozoites and cysts
Helminths / eggs / concentration / ELISA / Stain
What does the concentration technique allow
Seperation of parasite from faecal matter = increased chance of detecting parasite
Flotation technique is a concentration technique using what?
What 2 things are bad about it
Zinc Sulfate thats heavier than parasite
eggs / cysts collapse + Not all parasites float
Sedimentation technique is a concentration technique involving what? What does it allow but whats its main problem?
Seperation of parasite into layers based off lower specific gravity than parasite
Centrifuging into layers
Prone to layers
What 2 parasite cause cryptosporidiosis
C. Parvum
C.hominis (human)
What vector is responsible for crypto? What borne parasite is it?
Filth flies
Food borne
What age group does it target
Why?
1-5 years old
Less adaptive Immune = less likely to wash hands etc.
Whats been happening to the number of cases?
Decreasing due to increased std. living
Where do periodic spikes occur?
Drinking water reservoirs = outbreaks
What cells does cryptosporidios invade? What happens to these cells?
Epithelial cells of intestine = permeability / secretion / abs defects = Increased H20 release
Whats the incubation of crypto? Whats the general symptoms
7 days
Diarrhoea / dehydration
What drug is given for cryto?
Whats the general treatment?
Nitazoxanide
Sports drink (electrolyte replacement)
Immune system can sort its self as self limiting
Trophozoite –> ? —> ?
Merozoite –> Gamont
Macrogamonts are what?
Microgamonts are what?
Female
Male
if zygote becomes thin walled oocyst, what happens to it?
Sporozoite –> recycle
If zygote becomes thick walled oocyst….
Exit hosts = host-host spread
Whats the gold standard procedure for diagnosis
10% formalin + Acid fast stain
Sedimentation –> Wet mount + iodine –> Microscope
What microscope settings are used for crypto?
Bright field + Phase Contrast
