Crusading In The West / Tyerman

Question 1

Who was Amaury of Montfort?

When was he knighted?

Answer 1

He was the son of Simon of Montfort, commander of the crusader forces summoned by Pope Innocent III to eliminate heresy in Languedoc

1213

Question 2

What did the knighthood of Amaury represent?

Answer 2

Pope innocents vision of Holy violence, almost creating a new category of knight, dedicated to fighting Christ’s war yet without the religious vows of military orders

Question 3

According to Tyerman, were the Albigensian crusades successful in purging Languedoc of heresy?

Answer 3

The Albigensian crusades failed in expelling heresy, while they succeeded in reorganising the political landscape of Languedoc. However, this failure paved the way for the inquisition, which did find success in eradicating heretics

Question 4

What is unique about the Albigensian crusades?

Answer 4

1) The church’s recruitment of an international force to combat heresy, rather than relying on local christian rulers.
- The church applying the symbolism of the ‘crusade’ to seemingly territorial wars in order to capitalise on the vast manpower offered by the crusading movement. However, this is a mutually beneficial agreement as secular powers can peruse there own political ambitions under the view of the church’s ‘crusade’
- as did Simon of Montfort over Langueduc

2) The application to the crusades as sharing the same penitential privileges as warfare in the holy land