crumple zones

Question 1

finish the sentence… a moving car has

Answer 1

momentum

Question 2

what is the equation for momentum?

Answer 2

mass x velocity

Question 3

name 7 safety features put on a car?

Answer 3

air bags that inflate and squash
brakes that get hot
crumple zones at front and rear that change shape 
seat belts that stretch a little
safety cage
side impact beams in doors
collapsible steering columns

Question 4

describe how a seatbelt and air bag work together on impact?

Answer 4

the air bag inflates

the seatbelt stretches and slows the forward motion of the drivers body

Question 5

what is the equation for force?

Answer 5

change in momentum divided by time

Question 6

what do crumple zones do?

Answer 6

absorb some of the cars energy by changing shape

Question 7

how do seat belts stop injury?

Answer 7

it stretches a little so that some of the persons kinetic energy is converted to elastic energy

Question 8

name the characteristics of these safety features?

Answer 8

They change shape
absorb energy
reduce injuries
reduce momentum to zero more slowly so reduce the force on the cars occupants

Question 9

what is the equation for acceleration?

Answer 9

change in velocity divided by time

Question 10

how can acceleration be reduced?

Answer 10

by increasing stopping or collision time

by increasing stopping or collision distance

Question 11

how do crumple zones affect time between impact?

Answer 11

they increase the time between first impact and the car stopping

Question 12

name features on a car to prevent crashes?

Answer 12

ABS brakes
traction control (stops wheel spin)
electric windows
paddle shift controls on steering column

Question 13

name the features that need to be replaced after a crash?

Answer 13

seatbelts must be replaced after a crash in case the belt fabric has been overstretched
the safety cage must be examined for damage
seat fixings should be checked frequently to make sure they are secure

Question 14

give 3 reasons why a seat belt could be considered unsafe?

Answer 14

wearing one makes a driver feel safe so cares less about driving safely
may not be possible to un plug to escape from an accident
risk of chest injurys

Question 15

how do ABS brakes help safety?

Answer 15

they give the vehicle stability and maintain steering when braking hard or going into skid

Question 16

explain how an ABS brake works? this is a primary safety feature

Answer 16

hard pressure activates anti-lock brakes which then work by automatically pumping on and off to avoid skidding
the driver gets the maximum braking force without skidding and can still steer the car
the driver does not necessarily stop more quickly

Question 17

what are primary safety features?

Answer 17

helps to prevent a crash

Question 18

what are secondary safety features?

Answer 18

they protect occupants in the event of a crash, include a safety cage, crumple zones, seatbelts, side impact beams and air bags

Question 19

name 3 other safety features?

Answer 19

cruise control
electric windows
paddle shift (buttons on steering wheel)