Crude Oil & Fuels Flashcards
What is crude oil?
A finite resource found in rocks
What process is used to separate crude oils?
Fractional distillation
Why can crude oils be separated?
They have different boiling points
What is a hydrocarbon?
A substance made only of hydrogen and carbon
What are the first 6 alkanes?
Methane, Ethane, Propane, Butane, Pentane, Hexane
What is the formula for alkanes?
CnHn+2
What is an alkane?
A hydrocarbon with single bonds only
What are the steps for the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels practical?
- Put methane and some water in a beaker along with a thermometer
- Turn your bunsen burner oh the blue flame and heat the methane and water
- Record temperature at the start, end and the temperature charge
- Tip the heated methane and water away and put the same amount of methane and volume of water in the beaker
- Turn the bunsen burner on the yellow flame and heat the methane and water
- Record the temperature at the start, end and the temperature change
What are alkenes?
Hydrocarbons with a double bond
What are the first 5 alkenes?
Ethene, Propene, Butene, Pentene, Hexene
What is the formula for alkenes?
CnH2n
How can you test for alkenes?
Bromine water (Br2)
What happens when you add Bromine water to an alkene?
Goes colourless
What does cracking do?
Break down long chain of an alkene into shorter chains of alkanes and an alkene
What are long chain hydrocarbons broken down into?
Smaller alkanes and an alkene
What are alkenes used for?
Plastic
What are the two methods of cracking?
Thermal cracking and catalytic cracking
What type of cracking is used in industry?
Catalytic cracking
Why is catalytic cracking used in industry?
Uses lower temperature and pressure, and produces molecules that are useful in petrol
