crude oil

Question 1

what is crude oil

Answer 1

decomposed organisms from millions of years ago kilometres underground in the sea bed

compressions- animals died, decayed, landforms occurred and compressed, heat is made

Question 2

uses of crude oil

Answer 2

transport
fuel
heating
electricity 
plastics

Question 3

what are hydrocarbons

Answer 3

a compound consisting of only carbon and hydrogen atoms only

Question 4

how oil is separated

Answer 4

crude oil is heated and fed into fractioning tower
different fractions separated according to boiling temps
lower the boiling temp the higher the vapour will rise in column before condensing to liquid and being tapped off

Question 5

500-700*C

Answer 5

residue/ bitumen

taring roads, fixing roads
and taring roofs

Question 6

> 350*C

Answer 6

fuel oil

fuel for ships, factories, central heating

Question 7

350*C

Answer 7

lubricating oil

waxes, polishes, lubricating

Question 8

250-350*C

Answer 8

diesel oil

transportation
trains cars lorries

Question 9

190-250*C

Answer 9

kerosene/ paraffin

jet fuel, areoplanes, lighting, heating

Question 10

70-190*C

Answer 10

gasoline/petrol

car fuel

Question 11

25-90*C

Answer 11

naphtha

used to make chemicals
chemical industry

Question 12

<25*C

Answer 12

gas/ liquid propane gas

fuel for cars

Question 13

what is a fraction

Answer 13

group of molecules which have range of boiling points because molecules in fractions have range of carbon atoms in the chain

Question 14

physical properties of fractional distillation

Answer 14

ascending:

BP down
chain length down
colour lighter up
flammability up
density down
viscosity down
volatility up

Question 15

why cracking is important

Answer 15

breaks down long chain into short chain
more useful
higher demand
petrol diesel and adfur for transport fuel everyday life
burn cleanly
crude oil has a surplus of long chain hydrocarbons