Crude oil Flashcards
How is crude oil formed?
From the remains of plants and animals (mainly plankton) that died millions of years ago and were buried in mud
Where are the shortest carbon chains found in the fractional distillation column?
At the top where the boiling point is the lowest
Give waste products that can be made from crude oil
- Bitumen
- Heavy fuel oil
- Diesel oil
- Kerosene
- Petrol
- LPG (liquified petroleum gas)
What is cracking?
When longer hydrocarbons produced from fraction distillation are turned into smaller more useful ones also a thermal decomposition reaction
Give a product of cracking that is used to make plastics
Ethene
What is a finite resource
A resource that will run out one day
How does fractional distillation work
- Oil is heated until most of it has turned into gas
- Gas then enters a fractionating column
- In the column theres a temperature gradient where its hot at the bottom and cool at the top
- The longer hydrocarbons have a high boiling point
- The shorter hydrocarbons have a low boiling point
What are the important uses of crude oil in modern life?
Provides fuel for most modern day transport
Petrochemical industry uses some of the hydrocarbons from crude oil as a feedstock to make new compounds
Why is cracking used?
as they are
The shorter chain hydrocarbons are in more demand as they are flammable so good for fuel
What is crude oil
A mixture of compounds; a fossil fuel consisting of the remains of ancient biomas
Finite resource
What is an alkene
Unsaturated hydrocarbons containing a C=C bond general formula for alkenes are CnH2n
What is the test for alkenes
Add bromine water. colour changes from orange to colourless
Describe the combustion of alkenes
They burn with smoky flames due to incomplete combustion
