Crisis Flashcards
What is a crisis?
a profound disruption of normal psychological homeostasis i which normal coping mechanisms fail
acute and time-limited (no such thing as a chronic crisis)
What does the outcome of a crisis depend on?
-realistic perception of the event (beliefs)
-adequate situational supports (back-up)
-adequate coping mechanisms (behaviours)
What is the process of a crisis?
-an event is perceived as a threat and usual coping mechanisms do not work
-tension builds
-attempts to cope are successful or unsuccessful
What is a Maturational/Developmental crisis?
-new developmental stage is reached
-old coping skills no longer effective
-leads to increased tension and anxiety
What is a situational crisis?
a crisis that arises from events that are:
-extraordinary
-external
-often anticipated
ex. illness, death of a loved one, joblessness, school problems, etc
What is an adventitious type of crisis?
-unplanned and accidental
ex. natural disaster, national disaster, crime of violence
What is the impact of failing to cope with a crisis?
Risk for:
-PTSD
-violence
-suicide
-homicide
-depression
key factors are feeling helpless, no control, world is seen as “no longer safe”
What are the possible problems caused by chronic mental illness?
-distortion of the potential crisis event
-inadequate sense of self, purpose or abilities
-inadequate problem-solving abilities
-lack of supports in family or friends
-inadequate loving conditions, chronic homelessness and/or isolation
-poor coping mechanisms, co-occurring disorders
What is the nurses role in crisis intervention?
-early intervention
-short term, “here-and-now”
-stabilize immediate concerns
What are the key points of the crisis intervention model?
step 1: conduct assessment
step 2: establish rapport
step 3: identify dimension of presenting problem
step 4: explore feelings (validate and help manage)
step 5: generate and explore alternatives
step 6: formulate an action plan
step 7: follow-up plan
What are the criteria that NEED to be met before physically intervening with an agitated pt?
you have been trained in NVCI or PVPP
AND
other trained staff are present
Describe seclusion
involuntary confinement alone in a room that the patient is physically prevented from leaving
Describe restraints
any manual method, physical or mechanical device, material, or equipment that restricts freedom of movement (this included chemical/pharmacological restraint)
What are the guidelines for use of mechanical restraints?
-indications for use
-legal requirements
-documentation
-clinical assessments
-observation
-release procedure
