crime&deviance - functionalism&subcultural theory Flashcards
2 functions of crime according to Durkheim?
Reaffirms boundaries
brings about change
what did Hirschi discuss?
bonds of attachment
these are reasons why people dont commit crime
people have commitments- jobs, partners, school, hobbies
what is anomie?
A lack of / unclear norms and values.
Why do some people experience strain?
Due to a lack of income or a lack of quality education.
What are the five types of adaptation according to Merton?
Conformity, innovation, ritualism, retreatism and rebellion.
What did Cohen discuss?
Criminals have not actually acted criminally at all. They are members of different subcultures with different behaviour norms from mainstream requirements.
What are the three types of subcultures according to Cloward and Ohlin?
Criminal, conflict and retreatist.
What did Messner and Rosenfield discuss?
The American dream produces pressure to secure monetary rewards, but people who don’t have the means to achieve this legitimately they turn to illegitimate means to achieve this goal.
Why did Matza criticise the subcultural strain theory?
Because he argued there were no distinctive subcultural values, but all groups in society shared a set of subterranean values.
What are two criticisms of functionalist theories of crime?
Functionalists rely on a pattern of crime shown in official crime statistics. It is also deterministic.
