crime and punishment industrial era - POLICING Flashcards
when and who created the Bow Street Runners?
created in 1749 by Henry and John Fielding
what were the original Bow Street Runners?
originally were thief takers, they earned their money by charging fees for their work
what did the Bow Street Runners introduce?
introduced new methods of finding evidence to bring criminals to justice, this was beginnings of the idea of detectives to solve crimes
how did the Bow Street Runners operate?
patrolled major roads on foot and horse back from 1754 (bow street horse patrols) - key factor in ending highway robbery around London
what did the Bow Street Runners publish?
published a national newspaper ‘hue and cry’ giving info about criminals, crimes, stolen goods - beginnings of a crime intelligence network
what did the Bow Street Runners show early beginnings of?
from 1785 they were paid from a government grant, showing early beginnings of central government involvement in law enforcement
what did the 1829 Met Police Act create the first of?
created the first professional police force in england
what did the first professional police force do?
covered an area of around 7 miles from central london - 17 districts in london had their own police division with inspectors and constables
what was the role of a constable?
constables patrolled organised beats (set routes, walked at regular intervals) to deter + catch criminals by having a police presence on the street
what did the 1856 Police Act state?
compulsory for all towns and county’s to set up a police force that was centrally controlled
what was the 1856 Police Act the start of?
the start of modern police services, the act also established the principle of deterrence through the detection of criminals, police were regarded with respect by the public
what was set up in 1869?
the national crime records were set up
what was set up in 1878?
criminal investigation department (CID)
- employed 200 detectives, 600 more added in 1883
